J. E. Marr — The Coniston Limestone Series. 103 



to pass under the limestone of that quarry, and above the purple 

 breccia which occurs to the west of this. These Millom Park Beds 

 consist of ashy grits, and one pure quartzose grit, all crowded with 

 fossils. At the base of the Applethwaite Limestone, both at Water- 

 blean and in a small quarry south-west of Beck Quarry, we find 

 the conglomerate, consisting of a calcareous ashy matrix, with the 

 usual subangular fragments. 



In Beck Quarry calcareous shales of ordinary character yielded 

 the tail of a Phacops (Chasniops), but the greater part of this quarry, 

 and of Waterblean Quarry, is excavated in a mass of crystalline 

 limestone, white, except where stained pink by hsematite, greatly 

 disturbed, and resembling the Keisley Limestone in all particulars, 

 save that it has unfortunately yielded no fossils hitherto. 



On the east side of the Duddon Estuarjr, some interesting sections 

 are displayed in the neighbourhood of Dalton and Ireleth. The 

 rocks here are greatly disturbed. The lowest beds yet discovered 

 belong to the Applethwaite Limestone subdivision, and rest some- 

 times on the Borrodale Beds, as near Ireleth, and to the west of 

 High Haulme, sometimes upon the Skiddaw Slates, as in the neigh- 

 bourhood of Crag Wood, west of High Haulme. Near Crag Wood 

 the limestone is usually crystalline, as at Millom, and occurs in a 

 series of remarkable knolls, surrounded by low ground, apparently 

 occupied by shales. At the top of the Applethwaite Limestone we 

 meet with a rock looking like a coarse breccia, succeeded by the 

 Ashgill Group, so that it occupies the same position as the highest 

 ash at High Pike Haw, It is seen in many exposures near High. 

 Haulme Farm, and its position is inserted on the Geological Survey 

 Map. Its exact nature is doubtful. Normal A.shgill shales are 

 found above it, and are seen in many exposures to the north, 

 of this, as far as Ireleth. Here the interesting section at 

 Eebecca Hill shows the Ashgill Shales, containing in one place 

 a thin band or nodule of much-crushed limestone, succeeded by 

 a fossiliferous ashy deposit (also mapped by the Geological Sur- 

 veyors), and separating the Ashgill Shales from the Stockdal© 

 Shales. That it appertains to the former is indicated by the inter- 

 stratification of thin bands of shale, quite indistinguishable from the 

 ordinary Ashgill Shales below. It would seem, therefore, that we 

 have, in the Lake country, indications of volcanic activity through- 

 out the whole period represented by the Coniston Limestone Series. 

 Before leaving this part of the district, I may observe that the 

 limestone of Tottlebank, south of the foot of Coniston Lake, which 

 has sometimes been taken to be a continuation of the Coniston 

 Limestone of the Ireleth region, is really on a much higher horizon, 

 as indicated by the Geological Survey Map, and indeed belongs to 

 thp Lower Ludlow beds. 



Turning to the outlying outcrops of the Coniston Limestone Series, 

 I may revert to the Cross Pell area merely to remark that the Dufton 

 Shales are the equivalents of the Sleddale Group as a whole, and 

 that no conglomerate is found to separate them into Stile End and 

 Applethwaite subdivisions, as has been done along the main outcrop. 



