Reviews — Yorkshire Geological Society. 271 



Apparently conformable to the Upper Cretaceous strata, there is 

 on the Hundes high plateau a marine Nummulitic formatioa much 

 disturbed and altered by igneous rocks, and above this, but uncon- 

 formably, are sandstones resembling the Siwaliks in character, but 

 without fossils. The sandstones are covered by the horizontally 

 stratified beds of Newer Tertiary age, which form the plain of 

 Hundes, extending 120 miles in length by 15 to 60 miles in breadth, 

 at an elevation of about 15,000 feet above the sea. The sections in 

 the ravines of the Sutlej, nearly 3000 feet deep, show that this 

 plain is composed of boulders, gravel, clay, and mud of all degrees 

 of fineness. The only fossils known from these beds are Mammalian 

 bones, which were at first considered to be of Siwalik age, but 

 Lydekker has shown that they belonged to living genera, and that 

 consequently the deposits are of late Pliocene or even Pleistocene 

 age. Griesbach considers the beds to be of lacustrine origin. 



The lines of flexures which form the Himalayas are considered by 

 the author to have existed in PalEeozoic times ; but the great lateral 

 compressions which pushed up the enormous masses of the Central 

 Asian plateau with its fringing rims of mountains were evidently 

 formed after the deposition of the Miocene beds, since these latter 

 are contorted and crushed, whilst they are covered by the nearly 

 horizontal newer Tertiary deposits, just referred to, which are almost 

 unaltered ; consequently the crushing must have taken place between 

 the deposition of the Miocene and Pliocene formations. 



In Part II. the author gives a description of some of the principal 

 sections, including those of Painkanda (Garhwal) and the Bhot 

 Mahals of Kumaun, with notes on the Central Himalayas between 

 the Kamet Peak and Spiti. A special feature in this Memoir is the 

 number of excellent figures of natural profiles and ideal sections, 

 the latter constructed on the scale of one mile to an inch both for 

 the vertical and horizontal dimensions. To these are added numerous 

 heliographic reproductions of photographs, taken by the author, 

 which afford realistic pictures of the physical and geological features 

 of the regions described, and they show very clearly the wonderful 

 extent of folding and contortion which the rocks have undergone. 

 It may be said that the value and interest of this report is as much 

 due to the well-known artistic ability of the author as to his capacity 

 as an able geological investigator. 



11. — Proceedings of the Yorkshire Geological anb Polytechnic 

 Society, Vol. XII. Part I. pages 1-130, with 4 Plates. 8vo. 

 (Halifax, 1892.) 



THIS comprises some very interesting and useful papers. 

 I. T. Hick gives a resume of the latest information about the 

 growth and structure of the Galamitce from the Coal-measures of 

 Yorkshire. 



II. B. Holgate, by means of a very careful examination of 60 beds 

 of the Coal-measures at Leeds (Patent Brickyard, No. 1; Patent 

 Brickyard, No. 2 ; Boyle's Brickyard ; and Gould and Stevenson, 

 Hunslet) finds reasons for indicating the original conditions and 



