396 Sir H. H. HoiDorth — The Mammoth and the Glacial Drift. 



Armaclievsky's paper on this district. He shows that the dried 

 white soft Chalk is composed as follows : 



IMtrO '^'19 ) '^^^ residue is clay and some quartz grains. 



Pff 4. '^•70 1 These may sometimes form 1 percent, of the|]whole, giving 



-n ^.j i,\ rise to a harder white limestone. 



Eesidue -41 / 



99-69 per cent. 

 Glauconitic Chalk also occurs in a few places, as at Kogovka ; an 

 analysis is as follows : 



Mainly I CaO 36-57 N Eesidue = angu\?Lr grains of quartz (0-03 0-1 mra. 



Coccolites and < MgO Traces I diameter), about equal diameter, transparent. 

 Foraminifera ( Co., 28-78 i 6^te?«r"o«ife= olive-green, and some evidently casts 



Residue 34-63 / of Textularia, Jiotalia, and Nodosaria. Also 



(acetic acid) plates of Mica and clayey parts. 



99-98 per cent. 



The presence of mica (muscovite), both in this Chalk and in the 

 Chalk Marl to be mentioned below, is of special interest, as some 

 of the Archaean rocks, about 100 miles distant, are very rich in this 

 mineral, muscovite-granites with garnets being not uncommon. 



The Chalk Marl differs but little from the above except in the 

 large amount of residue it contains : 

 CaO 22-05—22-34 \ 



CO ■\^^VK.—-[i-'" 1 Composition of residue as above. 



Eesidue 60-00—61-14 ) 



Had we been aware at the time of the interesting problems 

 now opening up, we should have made a far greater collection of 

 specimens of Chalk and Chalk Marl than is at present at our dis- 

 posal, but Messrs. Winning have agreed to preserve specimens of the 

 varieties of Chalk they may henceforth obtain from their borings, 

 and if they should carry out their promise, great hopes may be 

 entertained of considerably advancing our knowledge on these 

 subjects. 



As it is, we have brought with us examples of the Bielgorod soft 

 White Chalk, the Kharkoff ditto (500 ft. from surface) Chalk Marl 

 from Bielaia (800 feet down) and Chalk from Sviati Gori. Also a 

 few specimens from the Kharkoff bore, which have not been labelled 

 as to depth. These may serve as types, but will not be sufficient 

 for the establishment of any broad generalization. 



n. — Did the Mammoth Live Before, During, or After the 



Deposition of the Drift. 



By Sir Henry H. Howorth, K.C.S.I., M.P., F.G.S., etc. 



{Continued from page 258, Vol. IX. June, 1892.) 



HAVING- sifted the evidence in so far as it is available in 

 Scotland and the North of England, we will now advance 

 further south ; and first in regard to the Eastern Counties. Here 

 as elsewhere it is unfortunate that we so very seldom can find the 

 beds upon which the solution of the problem depends in actual 



