of the Lake District. 535 



the strata of the Riccarton group, near Langholm, in Dumfriesshire, 

 so that it is possible that we are here dealing with beds forming 

 the southern limb of a syncliue, of which the Langholm Beds form 

 the northern limb. 



The geographical distribution, and general characters of the upper 

 groups of the Silurian strata are recorded in the Memoirs of the 

 Geological Survey. Valuable fossil lists are given in these Memoirs, 

 to which reference will be subsequently made, especially to the list 

 appended to the Memoir on the district around Kendal, Tebay, and 

 Sedbergh, edited by Mr. Strahan. As the fossils of the Brathay 

 Flags and Coldwell Beds are there included under the head of 

 Coniston Flags, it will be necessary for my purpose to give lists 

 from the Brathay Flags, and Middle and Upper Coldwell Beds 

 respectively. Several of the fossils recorded in the Sui'vey list are 

 not entered here, as their exact horizon remains doubtful, but the 

 following lists give a fairly complete account of the fossils of the 

 different subdivisions. 



Brathay Flags.^ 

 = Zone of Cyrtograptus Miircliisoni. 



Mr. Aveline assigns a thickness of 2,800 feet to the whole of the 

 Coniston Flags, and of this considerably less than half appertains to 

 this lower division, which seldom has a thickness of more than 

 1000 feet. The flags are very uniform in composition throughout 

 the district; they are of a greyish-blue colour, well laminated, and 

 frequently contain calcareous nodules. On the moorland west of 

 Troutbeck they contain numerous indeterminable brachiopods in the 

 lower portion, where they pass down into the Browgill shales, and 

 these beds may be the meagre representatives of the Woolhope lime- 

 stone, but the greater portion of the deposit contains fossils of few 

 species, chiefly graptolites, which are abundant enough to show, as 

 is well recognized, that these flags are the equivalents of the 

 Wenlock Beds of other areas, and the same fossils are found in the 

 Wenlock Shales of other districts. 



Fossils of the Brathay Flags. 

 Monograptus priodon, 'Rmuu fiebecca Hill; Broughton Moor; Bra- 

 thay ; Troutbeck ; Stockdale ; Cross 

 Haw Beck ; Austwick Beck. 



vomerinus, Nicb Same localities as above. 



cultellm, Tornq Austwick Beck. 



' ' ' " Troutbeck ; Stockdale ; Cross Haw Beck. 



Brathay ; Troutbeck ; Stockdale ; Aust- 

 wick Beck. 

 Stockdale. 

 Osmotherly Commou ; near Skelgill. 



Cyrtograptus 3IurcMsoni, Carr. 

 JSetiolites Geinitzianus, Barr 



Favosites, sp , 



Actinocritius pulcher Bdli 



jLpty chop sis (cordifonnis, Jones 



Woodw.) =aM«^w«, Salt.?... 

 Aptgchopsis angulata, J. & W. ? ., 

 Lingidocasis salteriana, J. & W. ? ., 



Discina ? , 



Cardiola inferrupta, Brod. ? 



Orthoceras primaevum, Forbes. 



and 



Rebecca Hill. 



Nanny Lane, Troutbeck. 



East side of Long Sleddale. 



Near Skelgill. 



Leek Beck ; Hebblethwaite Gill. 



Frequently. 



' For use of this term, and those of the subdivisions of the Coldwell Beds, see 

 Marr, Q.J.G.S. vol. xxxiv. p. 880. 



