56 J. S. G. Wilson Sf H. B. Muff— The Hill of Beat h. 



shingle, which latter indeed is not covered by the sand at the northern 

 end. Narrow here, this shiugie widens at Deal and then reaches 

 southward for 4 miles further, to Hope Point. Deal itself is partly on 

 the shingle, partly on Alluvium, and partly on low-lying loam. 



At Walmer the Chalk again comes to the coast and forms a line of 

 cliffs nearly to Folkestone, these cliffs on the whole gradually increasing 

 in height south-westward and being breached midway by the valley of 

 the Dour. 



We now pass to lower and lower beds. The Gault (clay) rises to 

 the surface just north of Folkestone and forms a cliff for a short way. 

 Then the sand of the topmost division of the Lower Greensand rises 

 up at the harbour and forms the base of the cliffs, thence westward to 

 Shorncliffe, beyond which there is no cliff for many miles. 



The peculiar district now reached, that of Romney Marsh, etc., 

 consists of a broad tract of alluvial beds, largely below high water 

 mark and generally bordered by beach. The only parts rising above 

 the ordinary level are formed of shingle, which here reaches far inland 

 in places, Dange Beach being, I believe, the largest area of shingle in 

 the kingdom. 



By reason of this great spread of Recent beds the formation that 

 next underlies the Lower Greensand, namely, the thick mass of the 

 Weald Clay, never shows at the coast here, being wholly hidden, and 

 we have, therefore, no cliff-section to show us the details of its 

 structure. 



It is not till we get westward, nearly to Fairlight, that higher land 

 is found. There we have the lowest beds of the Wealden Series (the 

 Ashdown Sand) and the Fairlight Clays beneath, classed with the 

 Purbeck Beds. These, with some overlying Wadhurst Clay, form 

 the fine cliffs on to Hastings, and the like is the case with the cliffs of 

 the Bexhill district, separated only by the Alluvium of the Catsfield 

 stream. 



I^ext comes the broad alluvial tract of Pevensey Levels, with its 

 border of beach, the latter swelling out to a breadth of seven-eighths 

 of a mile at Langney Point and then again decreasing in breadth to 

 Eastbourne, where the Upper Cretaceous beds rise up, the Weald Clay 

 being here again cut off from the coast and mostly hidden under the 

 Alluvium, as also is the Lower Greensand, which, however, is here 

 much thinner than on the Kentish coast. 



{To be concluded in our next Nicinber.) 



II. — The Hill of Beaxh, a Volcanic Neck in Fife. 



By J. S. Grant Wilson i & H. Brantwood Muff. 



rriHE Hill of Beath, which lies 3 miles to the north-east of 

 X Dunfermline, Fife, is an isolated hill with steep, but rounded, 

 contours, and rises fully 250 feet above the surrounding plateau. 

 Whilst the hill itself consists of dark grey tuff, the rocks forming the 



1 On January 2, 1909, the Editor received the sad intelligence of the sudden death 

 of Mr. J. S. Grant Wilson, who had only a few days previously communicated his 

 MS. for publication in the Geological Magazine (see his Obituary, p. 91). 



