120 T, Crook Sf G. M. Davies — St. Ives Bay Sand, Oormmll. 



Mr. Sumsiou states that there is a good supply of water, and the 

 result of the examination by the City Analyst shows it to be of 

 excellent quality — 



• Chlorine as chlorides ..... '84 grain per gallon 



Free ammonia ...... none 



Albuminoid ammonia ..... -001 4 grain per gallon 



Total solids . . . . . . . 16 grains ,, 



Oxygen required to oxydize decomposing matter none 



Nitric acid as nitrates ..... none 



The water was perfectly clear and without sediment. 



Mr. L. Hichardson, who kindly examined the fossils from the 

 Puller's Earth, informs me that " the hard grey shale from a depth of 

 36 ft. 6 in. contains an Ostrea of the 0. Soiverbt/i-type ; and that from 

 a depth of 54 ft. contains numerous specimens of Trigonia clapensis, 

 Terquem & Gourdy, and a Placimopsis near to P. sociah, M. & L. 

 There were also present internal casts of Pleuromya, Placunopsis 

 detrita (Terq. & Gourdy), Tancredia'i hrecis, M. & L., Leda lachryma 

 (Sow.), and Ostracods ", 



The Great Oolite, which is nearly 33 feet thick, represents only the 

 lower portion of the formation, or the "Lower Rag beds", which 

 occur beneath the main freestones of Box and Corsham. The Lower 

 Rags are seldom exposed, but \^e have records of 15 to 20 feet at 

 Odd Down, 17 to 40 feet at Box, 45 feet at Corsham, and 43 feet at 

 Murrel, near Winsley.^ The beds evidently vary a good deal in 

 detail within short distances, and the freestones occur on somewhat 

 different horizons in the series above the Lower Bags. 



The Rev. Joseph Townsend, in 1813, remarked that " Lansdown 

 has the bottom beds, which terminate on the I^orthern hanging of the 

 hill, and it is curious to observe numerous pits remaining near the 

 monument, to remind us of the ignorance which prevailed in former 

 times ; because from these veiy pits, at the distance of four miles from 

 Bath, all the free-stone was taken for building the city and cathedral 

 [Abbey], although the same kind of stone was immediately at hand, 

 but concealed, till Mr. Allen opened his quarries behind Prior Park ".* 

 This probably is not quite correct, as the view now generally accepted 

 is that the stone for the Abbey came from a disused quarry near 

 Entry Hill, on the south side of Bath, and that the old pits on 

 Lansdown were opened to obtain flaggy beds mainly for roofing 

 purposes. 



YII. — Note on the Shore Sand of St. Ives Bat, Coenwall, 



By T. Crook, F.G.S., & G. M. Davies. 



ri^HE shore and dune sand of St. Ives Bay is typically light- coloured 

 _l owing to the predominance of calcareous matter in the form of 

 shell fragments, etc. But the actual proportion of the platy shell 



* See Lonsdale, Trans. Geol. Soc, ser. ii, vol. iii, p. 253 ; II. B. "Woodward, 

 "The Jm-assic Eocks of Britain," Mem. Geol. Surv., vol. iv, pp. 261-7; and 

 H. H. Winwood, Proc. Geol. Assoc, 1896, vol. xiv, p. 347. 

 i * " The Character of Moses," 4to, Bath, p. 150 ; see al.-o p. 192. 



