230 Iteports and Proceedings — Geological Society of London. 



to Ore Deposits". The area occupied by this granite, with its 

 peripheral belt of basic rocks and sundry smaller intrusions of 

 syenite — the whole usually termed the igneous complex of the 

 Bushveld — has been estimated at about 15,000 square miles, without 

 including some concealed portions of the granite. A great variety 

 of rocks is met with in this complex, from peridotite to granophyre; 

 and if the magnetite bands in the norite may be regarded as a 

 further ultra-basic modification, there would be an extreme example 

 of magmatic differentiation, with magnetite rock at one end of 

 the series and quartz rock at the other. After describing the 

 structure of the rock-masses and their general mode of intrusion, 

 Mr. Kynaston referred to the valuable deposits of tin-ore which 

 had been discovered in the Eed Granite and in some rocks into 

 which it has been intruded. Ores of copper, silver, lead, zinc, 

 cobalt, nickel, and iron, and occasional gold-bearing quartz are also 

 known ; and their modes of occurrence and origin are discussed. 



I^EP'OIiTS ^A-DsriD :PE,OCEEI3IDSrGrS. 



I. — Geological Soceety of London. 



\.—Fehruary 24, 1909.— Professor W. J. Sollas, LL.D., Sc.D., F.R.S., 

 President, in the Chair. 



The following communications were read : — 



1. "Palaeolithic Implements, etc., from Hackpen Hill, 'Winterbourne 

 Bassett, and Knowle Farm Pit (Wiltshire)." By the Eev. Henry 

 George Ommanney Kendall, M.A. (Communicated by W. Whitaker, 

 B.A., F.R.S., P.G.S.) 



Implements are described from the localities mentioned in the 

 title, which lie at heights of 885, 576, and 450 feet above o.d. 

 respectively. Hackpen Hill forms a ridge of Chalk running north 

 and south, capped by patches of Tertiary Clay. Trimmed stones of 

 eolithic nature were obtained from fields ploughed in Drift gravels, 

 together with abraded Upper Greensand chert, quartzite pebbles, 

 and small flints. The greater number of the flaked stones were 

 found within and near shallow pits excavated in yellow Drift clay, 

 apparently newer than the Red Clay with Flints, exposed at the 

 edges of the larger hollows. The implements are unabraded, abraded, 

 and striated ; some stained brown, some green, others unstained ; 

 evidently some are in situ, others were brought with the Drift. 

 Implements taken from the clay are described, and a distinction is 

 made between the palaeoliths and neoliths obtained from the same 

 surface. The similarity in the mineral condition of the former to 

 palaeoliths from Knowle Farm Pit is pointed out, and both are 

 referred to the Chelleen period. 



It is noteworthy that, while implements and flakes are numerous 

 on the top of Hackpen Hill as compared with good, trimmed pieces, 



