380 Reports and Proceedings — Geological Society of London. 



the separate Baronies, is theii given, and the paper concludes with 

 palaeontological notes. 



2. " The Howgill Fells and their Topography." By John Edward 

 Marr, Sc.D., F.R.S., F.G.S., and William George Fernsides, M.A., 

 F.G.S. 



The Howgill Fells form a monoclinal block, from which the 

 Carboniferous rocks have been denuded. The gentle northern slope 

 probably corresponds very closely with the sloping plane of un- 

 conformity between the Carboniferous rocks and the underlying Lower 

 Palseozoic strata. On the south side, the steep slope to the Rawthey 

 is along a block-fault, which has several minor parallel step-faults to 

 the north. The chief drainage was originally north and south from 

 the watershed at the summit of the block, but the swifter south- 

 flowing streams have in several cases captured the head- waters of those 

 flowing northwards, and thus the watershed has been largely shifted 

 to the north. Some of these captures occurred probably in pre-Glacial 

 times, but others undoubtedly took place in the Glacial Period, and 

 others again are still proceeding. The tract was glaciated by its own 

 ice, but ' foreign ' ice was conterminous with the local ice on all sides. 



The rocks are, from the point of view of errosive effects, nearly 

 homogeneous, and a rounded form of feature was produced by 

 weathering and stream - erosion in pre-Glacial times. The chief 

 erosive effects of glaciation were the truncation of spurs ; the 

 formation of conchoidal scoops in the concavities of the valleys ; 

 a general widening of the valleys, and but slight deepening, as marked 

 by the slight difference of grade (amounting to but a few feet) at the 

 junction of tributaries with larger streams. A feature of interest is 

 the contrast in this small area between these glaciated valleys and 

 others of V-shaped cross-section, which are typical water-carved 

 valleys unaffected by glacial erosion. The two great hanging valleys 

 of TJldale and Cautley, where the streams plunge scores of feet down 

 waterfalls, are due to river- capture, and not to the deepening by ice 

 of the main valleys. 



3. "A New Species of Sthenurusy By Ludwig Glauert, F.G.S. 

 In a large collection of. remains of extinct Marsupial mammals from 



the Mammoth Cave, Margaret River (Western Australia), the author 

 recognized several mandibles of a new kangaroo of the genus Sthemirus. 

 He now communicates a detailed description of one specimen, and 

 shows that the new species most nearly resembles Sthenurus oreas 

 (De Yis) and Sih. atlas (Owen). 



4. "Some Reptilian Remains from the Trias of Lossiemouth." 

 By D. M. S. Watson, B.Sc. (Communicated by Professor W. Boyd 

 Dawkins, D.Sc, F.R.S. , F.S.A., F.G.S.) 



The fore-limb of Ornithosuchus woodwardi is shown in a specinien in 

 the Manchester Museum. It is small, only about one-half the size of 

 the hind-leg. The scapula is much expanded at both ends, and is 

 indistinguishably fused with the coracoid. The latter bone is pierced 

 by a large foramen. The humerus is a slender bone, somewhat 

 twisted, but not much expanded at the ends ; it has a distinct 

 ectepicondylar groove. The ulna is very broad at the proximal end, 



