430 Revieics — Brief Notices. 



and plants and animals are wantonly destroyed. He admits that 

 a great deal has been done in this country, especially to protect 

 monuments of archaeological interest and to preserve commons and 

 open spaces ; and we are glad to note that so lately as July last steps 

 have been taken by the National Society for the Preservation of 

 Places of Interest for the purchase of part of Cheddar Gorge, which has 

 for some time been defaced b)' quarrying operations. Geology has 

 received attention in the preservation, sometimes in situ or by the 

 removal and care elsewhere, of boulders and large concretionary masses 

 of rock such as greywethers ; while in Victoria Park, Glasgow, there 

 is preserved a small tract of Carboniferous rocks with fossil trees. 

 Geological sections opened up in soft strata are not readily to be 

 retained, but these and openings in hard rock are too often rendered 

 obscure and exceedingly foul by the shooting of rubbish into them — 

 a barbarous practice that in many instances may lead to pollution of 

 water supplies — while even at some seaside resorts that are regarded 

 as ' salubrious ', cliffs are utilized as dumping-grounds for refuse. 



8. The Dawn of HuMAif Intention. — In an essay on "The Dawn 

 of Human Intention : an Experimental and Comparative Study of 

 Eoliths" (Mem. Manchester Lit. and Phil. Soc, 1909, price \s. Gd.), 

 Professor Alfred Schwartz and Sir Hugh E. Beevor have carefully 

 considered and summarized the reasons for belief in the artificial 

 shaping and use of Eolithic implements. While recognizing that 

 Eoliths are of great antiquity, dating back in this country to the 

 Pliocene period, they follow Mr. Rutot in noting evidence of their 

 manufacture at earlier and later periods, and therefore they propose 

 that the term be applied to the form of the stone implements, using 

 other terms such as Kentien to indicate the chronological position of 

 the industry. The authors have made a large collection of Eoliths 

 from the gravel of Croxley Green, near Rickmansworth, a deposit 

 that has also yielded many Palaeolithic implements of ChelUen type. 



9. The Geological Suevey of "Western Austealia. — Bulletin 

 1^0. 32 (1908) contains three reports by Mr. Harry P. Woodward: — 

 No. 1. " Notes on the Geology of the Greenbushes Tinfield," which is 

 situated in the south-western division of the State upon the Bunbury 

 Bridgetown Railway, 159 miles from Perth. Tin-ore (cassiterite) has 

 for some years been worked in the Alluvial deposits, but the claims 

 have been practically exhausted. Attention is now directed to the 

 parent rocks, which consist of foliated granites with greisen, pegmatites, 

 and quartz veins. These dyke rocks yield the tin-ore, also tourmaline 

 and other minerals, including ores of tantalum. Much ore has been 

 obtained by hydraulic sluicing on disintegrated and highly weathered 

 portions of the rock-masses ; elsewhere shafts have been sunk. The 

 Reports Nos. 2 and 3 deal with the Mount Malcolm Copper-mine 

 and with Eraser's Gold-mine in the Yilgarn Gold-field. 



10. Philippine Islands. — " A Geologic Reconnaissance of the 

 Island of Mindanao and the Sulu Archipelago " has been published 

 by Mr. Warren D. Smith (Philippine Journ. Sci., 1908, iii). Mindanao 

 is the southernmost of the Philippine Islands, and the Sulu Archipelago 

 extends between it and the north-eastern portion of Borneo. Coal has 



