470 Dr. Wheelton Hind — The Culm of W. Germany. 



with small nodules, whicli rests on 7-8 metres of black chert ; this, 

 in turn, rests on a diabase of Upper Devonian age. The section is — 



Metres. 



Grauwacke or grit 130-200 



Posidonomya £echeri shales ...... 20-25 



Black chert 7-8 



Upper Devonian diabase. 



The Herborn flora and fauna is typically that of the Lower 

 Pendleside Series, with the exception that Pterinopecten papyraceus 

 has not been found there. The fauna is rich, and the most important 

 members are — 



Adiantites antiquus. Fosidoniella Icevis. 



Glyphioceras reticulatum. Posidonomya Becheri. 



G. diadema. Actinopteria persulcata, 



Nomismoceras rotiforme. Camaropteria papyracea. 



Orthoceras striolatum. Listracanthus Btyrichi. 

 O.scalare, often called with us 0. Konincki. Trilobites. 

 Aviculopecten Zosseni. 



I regret to say that I did not visit the Culm of "Westphalia, but 

 thanks to Professor Kayser I was able to study his fine collection 

 of fossils from that area, and with his information as to the sequence 

 have arrived at the following results. 



Professor Kayser's collections were from two localities — Hagen 

 and Aprath, near Elberfeld. The general sequence is as follows : — 



Flotzeere Sandstein, with plants .... 



Culm Tonschiefer, with Glyphioceras reticulatum . 



Dark thin-bedded limestones, with Hagen fauna at base 



Silicious limestone, with Goniatites 



Cherts, with Aprath fauna ..... 



Phtanites, with Prolecanites eompressus . 



Devonian Kocks ....... 



Metres. 



2000 



200 



200 



50 



The Aprath fauna contains a fauna typical of the very lowest of 

 the Pendleside Series — 



Prolecanites eompressus, Pleurodyctium Dechianum, 



Nomisinocer as rotiforme, Productiis plicatiis, Sarres, 



Trincoceras hibernicmn, 



and, as might be expected, the oldest facies of any fauna in the 

 sequence. 



The fauna of Hagen also contains a number of late Visean forms 

 of Brachiopods, such as are found in and known to range throughout 

 the Pendleside Series of England (Congleton Edge), together with 

 Goniatites, which are known to be associated with Posidonomya Becheri 

 in Devonshire. 



Glyphioceras striatum. Glyphioceras crenistria. 



G. sphcericum. Orthoceras Morrisiannm. 



At Scarlet, Isle of Man, and various localities in North Stafi'ordshire, 

 also near Cracoe in Yorkshire, and Black Hall near Chipping, these 

 Goniatites abound in limestones immediately below the Posidonomya 

 Becheri shales. 



