522 Reviews — Battle of Land and Sea. 



Some unfavourable comparisons are made between the economic 

 work done by the United States Geological Survey and by that of 

 Great Britain, " so far as regards metalliferous work at any rate " ; 

 but since the time of De la Beche a good deal of economic work has 

 been done by the Survey in this country, notably on iron-ores, and 

 more recently on the metalliferous regions of West Cornwall, while 

 many memoirs relating to coal and coal-measures, water-supply, 

 building-stones, etc., have been published. In fact as much has been 

 done as possible with the meagre financial support accorded to the 

 Geological Surveys in Britain. 



The present anniversary number of The Mining Journal contains, in 

 addition to sundry trade reports, prirticulars of mining in various parts 

 of the world, together with interesting articles on "Mining Engineers 

 Past and Present", by J. D. Kendall ; on the " History of Mining in 

 Australia ", by F. D. Johnson ; and the " History of Mining in New 

 Zealand", by Professor James Park. 



lY. — The Battle of Land and Sea on the Lancashike, Cheshire, 

 AND North Wales Coasts, with special reference to the origin 

 OF THE Lancashire Sandhills. By William Ashton. Second 

 edition. 8vo ; pp. vi, 217. Southport : William Ashton and 

 Sons, 1909. Price Is. Qd. net. 



THE first edition of this work was issued in May of the present 

 year, and the second edition, revised and with additions, in 

 July. It has had the advantage of following the Report of the Royal 

 Commission on Coast Erosion (1907), and the author acknowledges 

 help received from T. Mellard Beade and Joseph Lomas, whose deaths 

 we have had so recently to deplore. Mr. Ashton gives full particulars 

 of the losses of land and other changes along the north-western 

 coasts, and has illustrated his subject with numerous maps. Cheshire 

 has suffered more by coast erosion than other counties dealt with. 

 The author maintains that the chief source of the Lancashire sand- 

 dunes is the river-borne sedimentar}- matter brought from the Mill- 

 stone Grit of the Pennine Range, and he was supported in this view 

 by microscopic examinations of the sands made hj Lomas. An index 

 would have added greatly to the usefulness of this little book, which 

 bears evidence of much painstaking research. 



V. — Brief Notices. 



1. A Century of Geological Maps of New York. — Mr. Henry 

 Leighton has written an article on " One Hundred Years of Newl^ork 

 State Geologic Maps, 1809-1909" (reprinted from the Fifth Report 

 of the Director for 1908, New York State Museum Bulletin No. 133, 

 1909). A list of 329 maps, with index, is given, commencing with 

 McClure's map of the United States coloured geologically in 1809. 

 The first independent geological map of the State was that of Amos 

 Eaton, 1830, of which a colour-printed copy is inserted. 



2. Geology of the Country around Londonderry. — We have omitted 

 to notice that the Geological Survey of Ireland, under the Department 



