36 Reports and Proceedings— 
The lithological characters of the Leicestershire Permians is 
sufficient to differentiate them from the Trias and Carboniferous. 
They consist of red and variegated marls, bands of breccia, and 
beds of fine-grained yellowish sandstone; the breccia fragments are 
of great variety and little waterworn. These are imbedded in a 
bluish-grey matrix, hard or soft, which consists of insoluble matter 
united by the carbonates of lime and magnesia with some hydrated 
ferrous oxide, which on exposure becomes oxidized. 
The breccias have a tendency to die out northwards. The most 
abundant materials are quartzo-felspathic grits with associated grey 
flinty slates (Older Palaeozoic), with in addition vein-quartz, voleanic 
ash, and igneous rocks. The Carboniferous rocks afford argillaceous 
limestone, Mountain Limestone, grits, and hematite. At Boothorpe 
nearly 90 per cent. is made up of the old Palzozoic material, whilst 
at Newhall Park 28-8 per cent. consists of Carboniferous grits and 
hematite. The quartzite fragments resemble those of the lower 
part of the Hartshill series, but the existence of “ strain shadows ”’ 
indicates a difference subsequently explained. A very few frag- 
ments may be referred to the Charnwood rocks. 
The bulk of the material has a southern origin, and the irregu- 
larity of the fragments proves that they cannot have come from a 
distance. Evidence is given of the probable existence of a ridge of 
older Paleozoics, from which the Carboniferous rocks had been 
stripped, beneath the Trias of Bosworth. (There is an actual 
outcrop of Stockingford shales at Elmesthorpe.) The direction of 
this line is parallel with the Nuneaton-Hartshill and Charnwood 
axes of elevation, and also with the general direction of the major 
folds and faults of the Leicestershire Coal-field. The northern part 
of this ridge, which is apparently a faulted anticlinal, is a very 
probable source of the angular fragments occurring in the Permian 
breccias 5 or 6 miles to the north-west. 
The author concluded that the Permian rocks of the Leicestershire 
Coal-field belong to the same area of deposition as those of War- 
wickshire and South Staffordshire, all having formed part of the 
detrital deposits of the Permian Lake which extended northwards 
from Warwickshire and Worcestershire, and which had the Pennine 
chain on its eastern margin. He pointed out the dissimilar nature 
of these deposits to those of the eastern side of the Pennine chain 
from Nottingham to the coast of Durham. There were proofs of the 
existence of a land barrier, owing to the uprising of the Carboniferous, 
between the district round Nottingham and the Leicestershire Coal- 
field. The most northerly exposure of the Leicestershire Permians 
is 13 miles 8.W. of those of South Notts. He indicated the probable 
course of the old coast-line of the western Permian Lake. Denudation 
had bared some of the older Paleeozoics of their overlying Coal- 
measures, and it is the rearranged talus from the harder portions of 
these older rocks which now form the brecciated bands in the 
Leicestershire Permian. 
In an Appendix some igneous rocks found in the Bosworth borings 
were described. 
