H. M. Brydone — Farther Notes on the Trimming ham Chalk. 73 



■pushed at a level some way below the beach against a backward 

 sloping and then overarching surface (e.g. the side of a cave), which 

 it had followed until doubled back upon itself. 



The masses of chalk in the bay, where accessible, all showed 

 Ostrea lunata chalk, except the stringer from the bluff. This was 

 accessible from above, and was then composed solely of the grey 

 chalk. 



It was quite clear that the landward face of the bluff was not 

 parallel to the coastline, but ran about east and west, the bluff being 

 therefore a rude triangle with its apex towards the north. The 

 landward face was covered by what appeared to be crushed blisters 

 of finely laminated clay apparently formed round projections in the 

 surface of the chalk. 



In the Autumn of 1904 I got desperate at my inability to 

 satisfactorily sketch the constant changes which were taking place, 

 and borrowed a camera, and since that time I have a fairly continuous 

 series of photographs, some of which are reproduced as Figs. 6 to 18 

 in the plates illustrating this article. Unfortunately I had had no 

 previous experience of photography, and I have always chanced 

 upon dull and cloudy weather, so that I may be forgiven for the 

 imperfection of the photographs. As it is, they show far more than 

 I ever dared to hope for. They are all, I think, self-explanatory 

 except Fig. 9, which was taken from the summit of the bluff, and in 

 which the boundaries between the grey chalk above and below and 

 the 0. lunata chalk between is traceable in the 'slope' (the nearer 

 piece of chalk) by a slight variation in shade. 



During the period covered by these photographs erosion has been 

 very rapid at this point (the clay seen on the left hand of the bluff 

 in Fig. 13 was faced with chalk of fair thickness six months 

 previously) (Fig. 8), and several further points of interest have been 

 disclosed. The most important is perhaps that shown in Figs. 10, 

 11, and 15. The cutting back of the main cliff has provided a section 

 across what appears to be an erratic mass of rudely stratified flint 

 shingle, varying from very coarse to fairly fine, with a bed of sand 

 in the middle and a long thin slice of chalk at its left hand, the 

 stratification being vertical. The slice of chalk, though nowhere more 

 than two feet thick, contains both 0. lunata chalk and grey chalk 

 with an occasional grit seam at the base throughout the whole 

 length I have been able to examine, the 0. lunata chalk being next 

 the clay which forms as it were the backing of the mass. The 

 lower end of the chalk slice was recently exposed, and the clay was 

 seen to run down beside it and then turn at right angles in under it 

 (Fig. 15), with the banding parallel to the surface of the chalk, 

 which seems inseparable from the junction of clay and chalk here. 

 The whole thing very strongly suggests a piece of shingly beach set 

 on end, the chalk representing the basement bed on whicji the 

 shingle was heaped up. The rude stratification of the shingle is 

 what might be expected from the sifting together of the pebbles of 

 similar size which takes place in every beach, the coarsest part being 

 that next the chalk. This huge mass of shingle, which can hardly 



