356 Rev. JR. A. Bullen — Microzoa and Mollusea from Crete. 



Peneroplis pertusus (Forskal). This foraminifer is remarkable for 

 its great morphological range, and, although most authors have 

 given specific names to many of the varying forms, it is now 

 generally held that all these are simply varieties of one protean 

 species (see vol. ix of the 'Challenger' Eeports). The occurrence 

 in this small amount of material of so wide a range of forms strongly 

 supports this view. With the exception of Peneroplis pertusus, 

 PlanorbuUna mediterranensis, and Miliolina reticulata, the specimens 

 are generally poorly developed." The reason of this we shall see 

 immediately. 



The total number of specimens is 148. Some of these are 

 obscured in places by the reddish cement by which they were 

 kept in adhesion to each other and to the bone on which they 

 were found. The worn appearance of a large proportion of them 

 testifies to their great age. On examination with a -1*0- objective 

 the foramini feral tests, where broken, are seen generally to be 

 filled with a shining crystalline calcitic material stained red, 

 a colour evidently derived from the cave-earth ; some of them, 

 especially Orbitolites complanata, are covered with a calcitic crust, 

 •which hides the foramina, and there is in the hollows between the 

 strise of others a chalky-looking paste, white in colour, seemingly 

 derived from the attrition or solution of other foraminiferal tests. 

 The polyzoa also have become crystalline in substance from the 

 infiltration of a calcitic solution. All these characters explain why 

 Mr. Holland, from the microscopist's point of view, reports the 

 specimens as poorly developed, for these characters differentiate 

 them from recent specimens of the same species and betoken their 

 fossil or sub-fossil character. 



LIST OF SPECIES FOUND. 



MOLLUSCA. 



Terrestrial. 

 Helix pellita,^ ^ Fer. Cave-breccia, Kharoumes. 



Marine. 

 Calliostoma Zaiigieri^ (Payraudeau). Pleistocene mammalian 

 bone, cave, Kutri. 

 Cardium sp. 



Bissoa crenulata, Montagu. Pleistocene mammalian bone, cave, 

 Kharoumes. 



Crustacea. 

 Valves of Entomostraca. Ditto. 



POLYZOA. 



Crisia eburnea (Linne). Ditto. 

 Biigulopsis sp. 



* Eecorded by Pilsbry as a recent shell at Morca, SjTa, and Rhodes. Its 

 occurrence at Kharoumes is believed to be its first record from a Pleistocene deposit. 

 From available evidence it appears not now extant in Crete. 



' Specimens now in Geological Department, British Museum. 



