54 HARRY FIELDING REID 



It will be remembered that when Professor Tarr visited the region 

 about Yakutat Bay in 1905 he found that the glaciers showed a 

 general tendency to retreat, though the changes were not very great 

 for tide-water glaciers. When he visited the region again in 1906, 

 remarkable changes had taken place. The Marvine Glacier, to 

 the west of Yakutat Bay, supphes the ice for the eastern part of 

 the Malaspina Glacier; though all previous explorers had found it 

 comparatively smooth and easily traversed, it had become greatly 

 broken and crevassed. The glaciers next to the east, the Hayden and 

 the Lucia, showed no such changes, whereas the Atrevida, next to 

 the Lucia, exhibited changes similar to those of the Marvine. The 

 Seward Glacier, farther west, which is the largest glacier supplying 

 the Malaspina, seemed to be more crevassed than it was when crossed 

 by the Duke of the Abruzzi in 1900, but was not broken and torn Hke 

 the Atrevida and the Marvine. The part of the Malaspina Glacier 

 which derives its ice from the Marvine, was full of crevasses for a 

 distance of twelve to fifteen miles. The southern border of the Malas- 

 pina Glacier, which was formerly stagnant ice completely covered 

 with moraine and heavy vegetation, has been so broken up that great 

 blocks of ice are falHng from the end, the moraine is shding off, and 

 the trees have been overturned. The Turner Glacier, which enters 

 the western side of Disenchantment Bay showed no decided changes, 

 whereas, the Haenke, a small glacier lying immediately north of the 

 Turner, was advancing into the water; it had joined the end of the 

 Turner Glacier and had thus lengthened the ice front by about a 

 mile. The great Hubbard Glacier, which comes in from the north, 

 showed no change, whereas the Orange Glacier immediately to the 

 southeast, which in 1905 was smooth and easily traveled, was so 

 broken in 1906 that even the lower part could not be traversed, and 

 the region of stagnant ice covered by moraine had been transformed 

 into clear ice, crevassed and pinnacled. That these remarkable 

 changes had taken place between the summers of 1905 and 1906 is 

 clearly shown by the observations and photographs of Professor 

 Tarr; and that the advance, at least at the end of the Malaspina 

 Glacier, was still in progress, was shown by the fact that ^;he over- 

 turned trees had put forth their leaves in the early summer before 

 being uprooted. The fact that certain glaciers, presenting, so far as 



