59° 



E. C. ABENDANON 



s^ 



40° WNW. The river narrows considerably 

 and the banks at once rise to double the 

 height of what they were outside the gorge. 

 Soon the dip decreases to 25°, and in the 

 deeper levels of the formation to 7° or 8°. 

 Now soon follows the anticlinal flatlening 

 of the layers, and after a pretty long distance 

 with the strata in horizontal position the 

 southerly inclined limb also makes an angle 

 of 7° to 8°. This is a broad and low fold. 

 Suddenly the strata, with a faint southerly 

 dip, bend round sharply and get a northerly 

 dip, and now the layers rise to the south 

 under an angle of 70°. This time the 

 anticlinal folding follows much sharper, and 

 the southern limb dips 75° south. In both 

 limbs, and in the crest of the anticline itself 

 the layers are not straight, but waved, and 

 show many secondary plications. All this 

 points to a strong compression and forcing 

 outward of this anticline. 



The structure of this first limestone 

 mountain range as it appears in the gorge of 

 K'ui-chou-fu, therefore, is that of two folds 

 strongly pressed together, each of which 

 takes up just one-half of the length of the 

 gorge on the river level (see Fig. i). 



As soon as the river, a little way above 

 Tai-chi-ch'ang, issues from the gorge, it re- 

 obtains a double width in the syncline area of 

 Wu-shan. To the north and to the south 

 the river is inclosed by the lofty gorges- 

 limestone mountains, and the next gorge, is 

 already perceptible in the range south of the 

 Yang-tzi. In this syncline nothing is left 

 of the later formations but the reddish- 

 brown and the slaty limestone formations, 



