6o4 E. C. ABENDANON 



ma-fei-hia) there occurs a broad dyke of dioritic " Ganggestein " 

 straight across the river, which, having left, by incomplete river- 

 erosion, a couple of cliffs in the river bed, has caused the Kung-ling- 

 t'an (a dangerous rapid). 



A little way upstream from Mei-lin-to this crystalline schist 

 formation stops, and it becomes apparent that it overlies a granite 

 formation. The granite extends in a range of low rounded-off cliffs 

 to the I-ch'ang gorge and northerly as far as one can see. Toward 

 the south, however, we see the gorges-limestone mountains, which 

 overhe the granite, stretching in one angular but continuous line to 

 the next gorge. 



This fact, taken in connection with a like occurrence in the Sin- 

 t'an area, makes me draw the conclusion that there must liave existed, 

 to the south of Nan-t'ou,' a more or less equatorially trending fold, 

 which therefore stretched about vertically on the anticline of Nan- 

 t'ou. The synclinal area, which, according to my view, and in con- 

 nection with this fold, exists to the south of the Yang-tzi shows a 

 continuous gorges-limestone formation, both near Sin-t'an with the 

 steeply S-dipping fold of Lung-tchoe, and between the Lu-kan and 

 I-ch'ang gorges. The antichnal parts, which, in connection with the 

 foregoing, must have existed to the north of the Yang-tzi have dis- 

 appeared through erosion. 



This continuation of the gorges-limestone formation overlying the 

 granite south of the Yang-tzi is not reproduced on Willis' map. 



Pumpelly, on the other hand, writes: 



In the immediate neighborhood of the river, over an area of forty or fifty- 

 square miles, the Umestone has disappeared but, in the distance, on both sides 

 of the Yang-tzi, its yellow cliffs are seen towering to a height of more than 2,000 

 feet above the water. 



As far as the granite area extends, the course of the Yang-tzi 

 shows, with regard to the antichnal axis which must run through it, 

 a typically symmetrical line, which consists of two, about equally 

 long WNW-ESE pieces, connected by a bend toward the south. In 

 the middle part of the granite area there occur many dykes trending 



I On the map of my Geologic du Bassin Rouge, Nan-t'ou has not been given the 

 right location as is also not the case in the map of Yi-tschang-fu {Plankammer der 

 Konigl. Preiiss. Landes, Aufnahme), from which it was copied. 



