THREE EXTINCT SPECIES OF ELEPHANT. 243 



JE. indicus the upper or anterior part of the oval appears to be constricted, as it were, 

 by an eminence, usually on both sides, ischial and pubic, but at any rate on the former. 

 It is to be observed, moreover, that in the African species the ischial border is thick 

 and rounded, whilst in the Indian it is thin, or might almost be termed acute. The 

 difference in the outline of the foramen in the two species is shown in the accompanying 

 figures, taken fi'om specimens of E. africanus and (so termed) E. sumatrensis in the 

 British Museum. 



7 



E. indicus. E. africanus. 



I have had no opportunity as yet of examining this part in E. primigenius, or in any 

 other fossil species; but, from the figures of the Elephant's pelvis given in pis. xiii. 

 & xvi. of the ' Ossemens fossiles,' it would seem that the ischial eminence above 

 noticed and the peculiar constriction of the upper part of the obturator foramen are 

 as well marked in fossil bones which in all probability belonged to the Mammoth 

 as they are in the figure given, pi. xiii. fig. 4, of the pelvis of the Indian Elephant. 



Should the distinction here pointed out be found to hold universally, it would follow 

 that, so far as the apparent form of the ischial border of the obturator foramen is con- 

 cerned, E. nielitensis very closely resembles E. africanus. It will afterwards be seen 

 that in E. falconeri the configuration of this part more nearly resembles that of 

 E. indicus and E. primigenius. 



3. Bones of the anterior extremity. 



The well-recognizable fragments of bones belonging to the anterior extremity of 

 E. melitensis, comprise: — 



1. A fragment of the left scapula. 



2. The entire upper end of the right humerus. 



3. A portion of the upper end of the right ulna. 



4. The left olecranon. 



5. A fragment of the shaft of the left ulna, of probably a younger animal. 

 VOL. VI. — r.^ET V. 2 u 



