THREE EXTINCT SPECIES OF ELEPHANT. 251 



femur of U. melitensis presents certain distinctive specific characters in some respects 

 intermediate between those of the two existing species. With regard to the points of 

 difference between it and that of E. falconeri, I will I'eserve what I have to say until 

 I come to that bone. 



§ IV. Elephas palconeei. 



Of the remains referred to this second diminutive species, the following have been 

 selected for the purpose of conveying some notion of the characteristics of the mature 

 animal. 



1. Portions of an atlas. 



2. Portions of several vertebree. 



3. A portion of the second rib. 



4. A portion of the scapula. 



5. The greater part of the right humerus. 



6. The lower extremity of the left humerus. 



7. 8. The upper part of the right and left ulna. 



9. The entire proximal phalanx of the 3rd manual digit. 



10. A portion of the pelvis, including the entire acetabulum. 



11. A small portion of the upper part of the shaft of the left femur. 



12. The entire shaft, without the epiphyses, of the left femur of a younger animal. 



13. Astragalus. 



14. The 4th left metatarsal bone. 



Besides these, the collection contains numerous fragments of bone clearly referrible 

 to an animal of the same size ; but those above enumerated are sufficient for the present 

 purpose. 



1. Atlas. 



Of this important bone, figures of two fragments are given in PI. LI. (figs. 32 & 33). 

 which at first sight appear to belong to animals of the same size ; and until I came to 

 examine them very closely, I thought that they both belonged to E. falconeri. But 

 upon due examination it will be found that one only, represented in fig. 32, really aj)- 

 pertains to that species, and that the other is a portion of a very young atlas, belonging, 

 as I believe, to E. melitensis. 



The fragment shown in fig. 32 is the greater part of the left half of the atlas of aj)- 

 parently a perfectly mature animal, as shown by the strongly developed muscular and 

 other impressions, the general density and aspect of the bone, and the complete ossifi- 

 cation of the terminal epiphyses of the transverse processes. From its various dimen- 

 sions the height of the animal to which it belonged, supposing its proportions to be 

 like those of Cuvier's E. indicus, may be computed at about 41", or, if we take the 

 presumed height of the African Elephant in the British Museum as the standard, at 



VOL. VI. — PART V. 2 N 



