258 MR. BUSK ON THE EEMAINS OP 



the Indian Elephant, of whatever age, an angular ridge is continued more or less dis- 

 tinctly from the supinator or external condyloid ridge to the middle of the back of the 

 'head (or, more properly speaking, of the shaft), up to the line of the epiphysial junction. 

 In consequence of this the upper part of the shaft in the Indian humerus appears angular 

 behind, or in some cases almost carinate, whilst at the same part the African humerus 

 is rounded and even, the angle continued from the condyloid ridge usually not reaching 

 beyond the middle of the shaft. 



Now, with respect to the humerus of E.falconeri, as we have no means of actually 

 measuring the head, we are unable to compare its proportions with those of the existing 

 species. And as the upper epiphysis is wanting, we have no direct means of measuring the 

 proportionate diameters of the head and tuberosity ; but, to judge from the form of the 

 epiphysial surface, it may be considered probable that the transverse diameter (in pro- 

 portion to the antero-posterior) was less than in the Indian, or even African, and 

 very much less than in E. primi genius. The subjoined figure gives the outline of this 

 surface in E. falconeri, of the natural size. 



In the shaft the chief peculiarities consist: — (1) in the presence of a very deep elon- 

 gated fossa on the outer aspect, immediately behind, and overlapped, as it were, by 

 the upper part of the deltoid crest ; (2) in the comparative shortness of the supinator 

 ridge, which equals little more than one quarter of the entire length of the bone, 

 instead of one-thii-d, as it does in the Indian and African Elephants ; in this respect 

 the bone shows a resemblance to the humerus of E. primigenius ; (3) in the great 

 relative disparity in the size of the articular condyles, which is greater even than in 

 the African humerus, as the antero-posterior diameter of the inner condyle stands to 

 that of the outer in the ratio of lOU to 77. This of course gives the contour of the ar- 

 ticular trochlea from below a distinctive character, as may be seen in the reduced figures 



