DE. atlNTHEE ON THE FISHES OF CENTEAL AMERICA. 463 



high ; snout of moderate extent, much longer than the eye, pointed, with the cleft of 

 the mouth very oblique, and the lower jaw very prominent. The maxillary reaches 

 nearly to the vertical from the anterior margin of the orbit. The width of the orbit is 

 not quite one-fifth of the length of the head, and less than the width of the interorbital 

 space. The eye is situated near the upper profile of the head, nearer to the end of the 

 snout than to that of the operculum. Opercles scaly; suboperculum with two series of 

 scales. Vertical fins scaly at the base, their points do not reach the middle of the 

 caudal. Caudal rounded. The distance between the dorsal and caudal is somewhat 

 less than the depth of the free portion of the tail. Pectoral short, less than two-thirds 

 of the length of the head, and scarcely reaching to the vent ; ventral short, pointed, with 

 the outer ray produced. The distance between the vent and the root of the ventral is 

 more than half the length of the head. 



179. Herds managuensis. (Plate LXXVII. fig. 3.) 

 D. \l. A. I. L. lat. 32. L. transv. 4^/13. 



The fold of the lower lip is continuous in the middle. Snout somewhat pointed, with 

 lower jaw prominent. Prceorbital with the antero-inferior margin concave, narroiv, its 

 greatest ividth being scarcely more than one-half of that of the orbit. Dentition as in 

 H. dovii. Scales on the cheek small, rather irregularly arranged, in eight or nine 

 series. The first dorsal spine is inserted behind the vertical from the upper end of the 

 gill-opening. Dorsal and anal spines of moderate length and strength, the length of the 

 twelfth of the dorsal fin being contained thrice and two-thirds in that of the head. 

 Greenish brown, shining golden, and irregularly marbled with dark brown. A series 

 of quadrangular black spots (probably a band in young examples) runs from the eye to 

 a black spot on the root of the caudal, this spot being situated above the lateral line ; 

 a brown band descends obliquely from the lower posterior angle of the orbit to the 

 lower posterior angle of the operculum. Vertical fins with black spots, each spot 

 being half as large as a scale. 



This species is allied to H. friedrichsthalii, salvini, &c. ; a single specimen, 7^ inches 

 long, was found by Capt. Dow in the Lake of Managua. 



Description. — The height of the body is nearly equal to the length of the head, and 

 two-fifths of the total length (without caudal). Head longer than high; snout of 

 moderate length, somewhat pointed, with the lower jaw prominent, and the cleft of 

 the mouth oblique. The maxillary reaches beyond the anterior margin of the eye. 

 The width of the orbit is one-fifth of the length of the head, and three-fourths of the 

 mdth of the interorbital space. The eye is situated immediately below the upper 

 profile ; its distance from the end of the snout is a little more than half of that from 

 the hinder margin of the operculum. Opercles scaly, the scales on the operculum 

 larger than those on the cheek ; suboperculum with two series of scales. Vertical fins 



