72 ME. A. L. ADAMS ON THE OSTEOLOGY OF 



2. The pisiform of a smaller Elephant is fairly represented by two perfect cuneiforms 

 (right and left) from Mnaidra Gap. They were found close together, and probably 

 belonged to the same individual. In outline and facets they seem to agree with the 

 last, differing only in their smaller size. The right is shown, PL XVIII. fig. 6, with 

 its distal epiphysis comiiletely consolidated. The distal half of another specimen, of 

 the same size, and a third, a little larger, display the same character, only that the 

 external surfaces of all are smooth, and do not show the rugous appearances which 

 characterize the large specimens and old pisiforms of the recent species ; the cuneiform 

 facet of fig. 6 is 0-8 by 0-6 inch, and the ulnar 0-6 by 0-4. This bone equals that of 

 the young elephant 707 Ji, British Museum, and therefore may have been equivalent to 

 the cuneiform, fig. 9, whilst, I repeat, it differs from the recent specimen in having its 

 distal epiphysis completely consolidated, whereas in the above it is detachable ; indeed the 

 latter obtains even in the pisiform of the Asiatic, with its first true molar in wear. 

 These two pisiforms therefore represent a large and a small Elephant, in accordance 

 with the preceding foot-bones. 



Teapezoid. — No trapezium turned up ; but an entire right trapezoid was found in 

 Mnaidra Gap, and unfortunately was much injured during attempts to remove it from 

 the hard stalagmite. PI. XVII. fig. II, shows its second metacarpal [a) and trapezial 

 facet (J). The scaphoid facet, which is convex in the African and somewhat concave in 

 the Asiatic, is seemingly more concave in the fossil, and might suit the pronounced 

 concavity pointed out in the smaller scaphoid. The second metacarpal facet is I inch 

 in breadth, the trapezial is 0-8, the second metacarpal is 1-2, the magnal l-I. The 

 extreme thickness of the bone is (about) 1-5 inch. The specimen is in keeping rela- 

 tively with the scaphoid shown at p. 67, and therefore belonged to a small elephant. 



Magnum. — This bone is represented in my collection by no less than five specimens, 

 some of which, however, are but mere fragments. AH are remarkable, as compared 

 with recent and fossil species, in being relatively narrow'er laterally, as will appear from 

 the following comparisons between them and magna of nearly the same length in the 

 Asiatic species. In the first place they admit of being divided into two series, on the 

 score of dimensions and characters. 



A Series.—!. The largest magnum (PL XVII. fig. 13) shows the trapezoidal aspect. 

 It has been considerably abraded on the dorsal surface, and also externally, but is 

 otherwise pretty entire. 



2. Another of the right side, and of the same dimensions, has lost part of the lunare 

 surface. 



B Series. — 1. With the exception of the loss of the lower internal angle, the speci- 

 men shown in fig. 14 may be said to be almost entire. 



2. Another specimen, differing little in size from the last, is also of the left foot. 

 Its anterior surface is completely destroyed; but the posterior articular aspect is pre- 

 served, and furnishes the data requisite to complete the loss of substance in fig. 14. 



