114 MB. A. L. ADAMS ON THE OSTEOLOGY OF 



than usually obtains in the recent species with articulating surfaces of the same dimen- 

 sions. The same is distinctly shown in the other long bones. Thus PI. XV. fig. 1 is 

 referable to a full-grown individual; and whilst considerably shorter than the tibia 

 of the Sumatran Elephant in the British Museum, its condyloid and astragaloid 

 aspects are rather larger. In characters it resembles the African, and in fact belongs 

 to the owner of femur PI. XIV. figs. 1 & 2, just referred to as that of the largest form. 



10. The Fibula ' represents the extremities of individuals equal to the largest, inter- 

 mediate, and smallest forms, the two former claiming apparent distinctions in relation 

 to the contour of theii* distal extremities, whilst a very small entire bone is only 8 '6 inches 

 in length. The young and immature tibiae furnish also distinctions which, in the 

 absence of further specimens of the adult condition, need not be discussed. 



11. The Foot-hones, considered individually and collectively, maintain all the differ- 

 ences akeady recorded as to the dimensions of individuals, even to a much greater 

 extent ; in fact there is a regular gradation in certain instances from the largest to the 

 smallest. The chief characters of the bones may be thus briefly summed up. Of the 

 carpus, the scaphoid ^ shows two series referable to a large and small animal, with points 

 apparently distinctive, the larger partaking of the African outline, and the smaller 

 simulating the Asiatic. The lunare ' represents three forms, the most remarkable as 

 regards dimensions being the very small specimen belonging to a foot found in situ ''. 

 It would seem that the African character pervades the largest, whilst the intermediate 

 and smallest forms have an Asiatic facies. 



The pisiforme shows two old bones referable to the largest and intermediate forms ^, 

 with outlines similar and like the same in the African Elephant. The cuneiforms are 

 suggestive, the largest having much of the contour of the Asiatic, whilst the intermediate 

 and a pygmy bone have the broad ulnar aspects of the African ". 



The magnum repeats the dimensions of large and small individuals, showing, 

 however, in all, this one peculiarity as compared with other elephants — to wit, in being 

 nan-ower bones. 



The unciforme also displays three sizes ', with slight differences, chiefly in the relatively 

 greater breadth of the cuneiform-aspect of the intermediate form. 



12. With reference to the Tarstis, the astragalus furnishes three forms, differing in 

 characters, especially the two larger, as well as in dimensions ^ The calcaneum 

 represents two forms ", differing in characters, but not much in size ; indeed one might 

 represent a small individual of the largest, and the other a full-grown Elephant about 

 the height assumed by Falconer and Busk for the Elephas melitensis. The other bones 

 of the tarsus indicate the presence of the large and intermediate forms '". 



' PI. XV. figs. 4 & 8. ' PI. XYII. fig. 10, and woodcut, p. 67. 



» PI. XVIII. figs. 1 & 4. •■ PI. XXI. fig. 1. ' PI. XVIII. figs. 3 i 6. 



' In PI. XVIII. compare figs. 2 & 5 with figs. 9 & 8. ' PI. XVII. figs. 12 & 9, and PI. XXI. fig. 2. 



' PI. XVI. figs. 1 & 3. and PI. X. fig. 10. » PI. XVI. figs. 4 & 5. '<> Sec PI. XVII. 



