INHABITING THE PHILIPPINE AECHIPELAGO. 



131 



species classed under the general term of Philippine in the table are nearly all, if not 

 all, inhabitants of Luzon, the total number of species known to inhabit that island will 

 be 190. The number of species known to inhabit the remaining- islands is given at the 

 bottom of their respective columns, the incompleteness of our knowledge with regard 

 to them being illustrated by the small total of 19 representing the number of authentic 

 species in the large and important island of Mindanao, and also by the entire and 

 enforced omission of many other large islands. Of Mindanao, with an estimated area 

 of 36,000 square miles, the few species we know come from the immediate neighbour- 

 hood of Zamboanga. Of Luzon, the whole of the island north of Manilla has yet to be 

 explored. The islands of Palawan, Mindoro, Samar, Leyte, Masbale, Bohol, the 

 Calamines, and the multitude of smaller islands are almost absolutely unknown. 



As might be anticipated from analogy with other isolated areas, some of the Philip- 

 pine islands, although only separated by narrow seas, possess species peculiar to them- 

 selves. Although well defined, these are strictly representative forms. Those that are 

 known are given below; and doubtless many more cases of representation will be 

 discovered when the islands have been more thoroughly explored. 



Table III. — Showing the Representative Forms which are known to inhabit 



the Philippines only. 



Only one species is common to a PhiHppine island and to any one other non-Philip- 

 pine island — namely Xantholcema rosea, which is restricted to the islands of Negros and 

 of Java. X. hcemace])hala, the common Luzon Barbet, which ranges all over India and 

 is found in Sumatra and the Malay peninsula, does not seem to occur in Negros, where 

 X. rosea appears to represent it, as it also does in Java. 



It is also a remarkable fact that the only Philippine representative of the highly 

 characteristic Indian family of the Pericrocotidoe is the abnormal and only migratory 

 member of the group, P. cinereus. 



