INHABITIKG THE PHILIPPINE AECHIPELAGO. 165 



BufFon (I. c.) is incontestably not original, but extracted from Brisson ; while BufFon's 

 title seems to have originated in Brisson's assertion that his type inhabited the Moluccas. 



Le Vaillant mentions (I. c.) that the example in Aubrey's cabinet, Brisson's type, was 

 of a very young bird and much mutilated, both its tail and wings having been cut. It 

 is diiBcult to decide, on the e\'idence we possess, how many individuals served as subjects 

 for Brisson, D'Aubenton, and Le Vaillant. If we are to believe the last author, there 

 were in Paris at least three examples : — first, Aubrey's — Brisson's type, and which 

 Le Vaillant says he purchased when Aubrey's collection was sold ; second, the subject 

 of D'Aubenton's plate, said by BufFon to have been taken from a set-up specimen, but 

 without mentioning to whom it belonged ; third, the example figured by Le Vaillant 

 (I. c), and which he informs us he had acquired a short time previously. But, according 

 to Temminck (1. c), Le Vaillant figured the identical specimen wiiich was the original 

 subject of D'Aubenton's plate, and which at the time Temminck wrote (1824) was 

 still preserved, although much deteriorated, in the Paris Museum. 



On the whole, the probabilities are that there never was more than one specimen, and 

 that the Brissonian type, which must have passed from Aubrey's collection to that of 

 the Paris Museum. With Temmiuck's identification of this specimen as being 

 the young of the large Philippine Hornbill we must rest content. Anyhow we may 

 safely reject Le Vaillant's statement that le Calao of Brisson was the young of the 

 Calao a casque concave of Le Vaillant, op. cit. plates 3 & 5, drawn from manufactured 

 specimens with the heads only of B. hicornis. The drawing of the bill {I. c. ) was made 

 by Le Vaillant from a specimen in the Leyden Museum {teste Temm.). 



The sexes of this species, as represented by the examples collected by Dr. Meyer, do 

 not differ either in colouring or in dimensions. In a young bird, body-plumage dingy 

 greyish tawny, the bill is entirely black, with the exception of the tip of the maxillse 

 and the under surface of the rami of the mandible, which are bright blood-red. 



Buceros bicorids, Linn., and this species belong to the same natural section of the 

 Hoinbills '. 



Hydrocorax philippinensis, Briss. Om. iv. p. 568, no. 2, " Philippines," a title founded 

 on a head and beak in M. Aubrey's cabinet, and said to have come from the Philippines, 

 is, so far as we know, not a Philippine species, but identical with B. hicornis, Linn. 



Craniorkhinus, Cabanis. 

 67. * Craniorrhinus leucocephalus. (PL XXVII. fig. 1, c^ ; fig. 2, S .) 

 Buceros leucocephalus, Vieillot, N. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. iv. p. 592, " Moluques " (1816), fide Bp. 



Consp. i. p. 91. 

 Buceros sulcatus, Reinw., Temm. PI. Col. 69, " Philippines et Mariannes " (1823) ; SclJegelj Mus. 

 Pays-Bas, Buceros, p. 10. 

 Hah. Mindanao [Schlegel). 



' To which must be added B. Jiomrai, Hodgs., if the Indian bird is specifically distinct from the Indo- 

 Malayan. 



VOL. IX. — PART II. Ajml, 1875. z 



