170 



VISCOUNT WALDEN ON THE BIRDS 



removes all doubts as to the existence of such a form in the Philippines ; and we may 

 further safely assume that it is the same as Sonnerat's species. 



In India there appear to be two well-markeil species of black-headed Shrikes : — one, 

 the largest, with the whole back in the adult bright rufous, inhabiting Nipaul, Dar- 

 jeeling and Assam, and named by Mr. Hodgson L. tricolor (Ind. Rev. 1837, p. 446, 

 ex Nipaul ; Gray & Mitch. Gen. pi. 71) ; the other, in the adult, with the upper 

 back ashy-grey, and the lower pale ferruginous, inhabiting Goomsoor, "Bengal, and 

 said to extend into Arracan (iy. m?y/r/ce/)s, Frank ; Jerd. Ill Ind. Orn. pi. 17). It is 

 true that Dr. Jerdon, who at one time maintained this view, altered it (/. c.) out of 

 deference to Mr. Blyth ; but my acquaintance with the two birds bears out Dr. Jerdon's 

 original opinion. Dr. Meyer's Zebu example has the upper back ashy grey, as in L. 

 nigriceps, this colour descending much lower than in the Indian form, the uropygium 

 and upper tail-coverts only being ferruginous ; nor does the black on the nape extend 

 so low down as in either of the Indian species. The Zebu bird, which is marked a 

 male by Dr. Meyer, does not appear to be fully adult ; and without an opportunity of 

 comparing more examples, I am disinclined to assert that it differs specifically from 

 L. nigriceps. 



L.nasutus . . . 3-50 5 1-25. 6. Zebu, in April. 



L. iiigriceps . . . 3-37 4-87 1-20. Adult. Eognathpoor, Bengal. 



L. tricolor . . . 3-75 5-75 1-25. Adult. Nipaul. 



Adult. Mymensing. 



Immature. Darjeeling. 



d, not quite adult. Base of Garos. 



71. Lanius schach. 

 Lanius a-scack, Osbeck, Ostind. Resa, p. 227, "vicinity of Cawton " (1757). 

 Lanius schach, J. G. Georgi, Osbeck, Reise Ostind. China (German transl.) p. 296 (1765). 

 Lanius schach, Linn. S. N. i. p. 136, no. 14 (1766), ex Osbeck; J. R. Forster, Osbeck, Voy. China, 



East Indies (Eng. tr.) i. p. 367 ; ii. p. 325 (1771) ; Bp. Consp. i. p. 864. 

 Lanius macrourus, Cuv., Mus. Paris Pucheran, Archiv. Mus. vii. p. 324 (1854-55). 

 Lanius chinensis, J. E. Gray, Zool. Misc. p. 1, "China" (1831). 



Prince Bonaparte (/. c.) includes the Philippines within the range of this Shrike ; 

 and upon his authority (the only one, it is true, I have been able to discover) it is 

 admitted in this list. The Javan and Timor form (Lanius bentet, T3.ovsL,=: Lanius 

 pyrrhonotus, Vieillot) is considerably smaller, and the black on the forehead recedes 

 more than in the Chinese species. In dimensions it agrees with Lanius erythronotus. 

 Vigors, from which species it can only be distinguished by the greater extent of black 

 on the forehead. In fact L. hentet is a link between L. erythronotus and L. nigriceps 

 and the other black-headed forms, Lanius schach being a large form of L. erythronotus. 



