INHABITING THE PHILIPPINE AECHIPELAGO. 215 



Carpophaga, Selby. 

 141. Carpophaga ^nea. 



Palwmbus moluccensis, Briss. Om. i. p. 148, no. 41, "ex Moluccis insulis" (1760). 



Co/umba anea, Linn. S. N. i. p. 283, no. 22 (1776), ex Briss. 



Pigeon Ramier des Moluques, D'Aubent. PI. Enl. 164. 



Cohimba moluccensis, L. S. Muller, Suppl. p. 133, no. 35d (1776), ex D'Aubent. 



Columba sylvatica, Tickell,' J. A. S. B. 1833, p. 581, " Jungles of Borabhum & Dholbhum." 



Carpophaga pusilla, Blyth, J. A. S. B. 1849, p. 816, "Nilgiris " errore. 



Carpophaga chalybura, Bp. Compt. Rend, xxxix. p. 1074, " Philippines " (1854) ; Consp. ii. p. 32 ; 



Iconogr. pi. 42. 

 Carpophaga sylvatica " (Tickell)," Blyth, J. A. S. B. 1861, p. 97, " Philippines." 



Hah. Luzon, January, April ; Negros, March {Meyer). 



Examples from Ceylon, India, Burma, the Andamans, and Java cannot be specifically 

 separated from this Philippine species. Mr. Blyth has already remarked {I. c.) that a 

 young Philippine example before him did not diifer from the Indian and Burmese 

 species. The Sumatran, Bangkan, Sumbawan, and Flores forms are also considered to 

 belong to C. cenea by Professor Schlegel (Mus. Pays-Bas, Columhce, p. 85), although he 

 keeps C. sylvatica apart as being a smaller race. And Mr. Wallace (Ibis, 1865, p. 38.3) 

 includes Lombok and the Malay peninsula within the range of C. cenea. 



Bonaparte [1. c.) relied on the Philippine bird having the head and neck whiter, and 

 on the under surface of the tail being paler and of a steel-grey, and not brown-black. 

 The under surface of the rectrices is certainly somewhat paler; but the difi"erence 

 between the colouring of the head and neck, as described by Bonaparte, is not apparent 

 in Dr. Meyer's examples, which are in perfect plumage. The chief difference they 

 exhibit is in the colouring of the breast, which appears to be more tinged with Tdnous ; 

 and thus the entire under surface is more or less vinous, and not the abdomen only as 

 in C. cenea. On the head, nape, and back of the neck also the rather deep vinous 

 shading of C ceiiea is absent. Bonaparte's plate {I. c.) so little resembles these Philip- 

 pine examples that it cannot be relied on. 



Carpophaga pickeiingi, Cassin, Pr. Ac. Philad. vii. p. 228 (1854), and U.S. Expl. Exped. 

 pi. 27, 2nd ed., obtained on Mangsi Island, one of the Sooloo archipelago, seems to be 

 a distinct species, with light-cinereous under tail-coverts, and consequently related to 

 C. perspicillata. 



Carpophaga piaulina (Temm.), ex Celebes, is always readily, to be distinguished by its 

 intensely vinous breast, and by its bright rufous nape. Yet an intermediate form is 

 said to also occur in Luzon {of. Schlegel, Nederl. Tijdschr. Dierk. 1866, p. 201 ; Mus. 

 Pays-Bas, Columhce, p. 85) — the Philippine habitat, however, only resting on a single 

 example, said to have been obtained in Luzon by M. H. Gevers. 



The following measurements are taken (the Luzon male excepted) from examples in 

 full plumage. 



2f2 



