INHABITING THE PHILIPPINE AECHIPELAGO. ■ 219 



Otherwise closely allied to T. hitorquata (Temm.), this Luzon Dove differs in having 

 not merely the crown, but the whole of the head, nape, cheeks, and sides of the throat 

 ash-grey, in the nuchal band being formed of pale grey feathers margined with iron 

 grey, in wanting the pure white collar, in the bill being much weaker and shorter, 

 and in the white terminal bands on the lateral rectrices being much narrower. 



Two Luzon examples are respectively marked male and female by Dr. Meyer, and do 

 not differ. A third Luzon individual, marked a female by Dr. Meyer, has the head 

 the same colour as the back, the feathers of the nuchal band smaller and almost 

 entirely iron grey or black, bordered below by a bright ferruginous zone. It is pro- 

 bably an immature bird. The example from Negros is identical with those from 

 Luzon. 



Professor Schlegel (Mus. Pays-Bas, Columhce, p. 120) says that T. dussumieri has 

 been wrongly indicated as inhabiting the Indian continent and Malacca, and further 

 observes that Mr. G. E. Gray gives its habitat as Luzon, while it in reality probably 

 inhabits the Mariannes. The species certainly does not occur either on the Asiatic 

 continent or in the Sunda Islands, but does inhabit the Philippines, whence the type 

 described by Temminck originated. T. gaimdrdi, Bp. Consp. ii. p. 66, with which 

 Professor Schlegel associates T. dussumieri, was described from Marianne specimens 

 obtained by Quoy and Gaimard, and placed by them in the Paris Museum in 1811. The 

 Prince, in his diagnosis, distinguished this Marianne Dove from T. dussumieri, the habi- 

 tat of which, however, he eiToneously gave as being Malasia, Java, Sumatra, and Borneo. 



148. TUETUK HUMILIS. 



Columba humilis, Temm. PL Col. pi. 239, j nee $,238, ? nee j, "Bengale, ile de Lu9on" (1824) ; 

 Bp. Consp. ii. p. 66, 5 , " Philippines ; " Swinhoe, P. Z. S. 1871, p. 397, no. 473. 



Hab. Luzon {Meyer) ; S. China to Shanghai, Formosa, Hainan (Swinhoe) 

 The red Turtledove of Luzon differs from that of India (T. humilis, ap. Jerd., no. 

 797) in being of a much darker red, and in having the under wing-coverts dark ash 

 instead of pale ash inclining to white, and the head, uropygium, and upper tail-coverts 

 much darker ash. The form which inhabits China and Cambodia belongs to the Luzon, 

 and not to the Indian race. 



The Indian bird will have to take the title of Turtur tranquebarica, Herm. Obs. 

 Zool. p. 200, " ex Tranquebaria " (1804), while for that of Luzon it wiU perhaps be best 

 to retain Temminck's title, although he does not make it quite clear whether he 

 described and figured a Bengal or a Philippine individual. In 1855 Prince Bonaparte 

 (Compt. Rend. xl. p. 18) maintained that individuals from Coromandel and the Philippines 

 were absolutely identical. But later, 1856, after his visit to the British Museum, the 

 same author observed {op. cit. xli. p. 659), '■'■Turtur muroensis, Hodgs., de ITnde " [T. 

 humilis of Indian authors], " pouvait fort bien differer specifiquement de Streptopelia 

 humilis des Philippines." 



