226 VISCOUNT WALDEN ON THE BIEDS 



Gmelin appears to have overlooked Sonnerat's description and plate. Latham (Ind. 

 Orn. ii. p. 659, no. 4) identified Sonnerat's species with Otis arabs, Linn., but subse- 

 quently (Gen. Hist. I. c.) treated it as a separate variety of that species. Vieillot (N. 

 Diet. xxiv. p. 294) adopted Latham's original view, but later (I. c.) regarded Sonnerat's 

 Bustard as a distinct Philippine species, and gave it the title above cited. Temminck 

 was the first to point out (Recueil d'Ois. 90° livi*.) that Sonnerat's Paon sauvage 

 belonged to a species distinct from Otis arabs ; and on the subsequent discovery of 

 Otis koi'i by Burchell, Temminck at once {I. c.) identified it with Sonnerat's species, 

 Riippell {torn. cit. p. 218) having in the mean time united Sonnerat's Bustard to the 

 Indian Otis nigriceps. Professor Schlegel and the majority of recent authors have 

 adopted Temminck's view. Dr. v. Martens, however (/. c), classes Sonnerat's bird as a 

 Plover, and remarks, "Diesen Kibitz finde ich nirgends citirt." 



GRALLiE. 



CHAEADEIID^. 



Chakadkiin^. 



Chaeadkius, Linnseus. 



159. Chaeadeius fulvus. 



Fulvous Plover, Lath. Gen. Synop. ill. p. 211, no. 17, " Otaheite." 



Charadrius fulvus, Gm. S. N. i. p. 687, no. 18 (1788) , ex Latham; Pinsch & Haiti. Orn. Centr.-Polyn. 

 p. 188 ; Sharpe & Dresser, Birds of Europe, pt. ix. pi. — ; Walden & Layard, Ibis, 1873, p. 105. 

 Charadrius pluvialis , Linn., ap. v. Kittlitz, Liitke, Voy. (Postel), ill. p. 327, "Manilla." 

 Charadrius longipes, Temm., v. Martens, J. f. O. 1866, p. 27, no. 147, " Luzon." 



Hab. Luzon, February ; ? , bill black, legs bluish grey [Meyer) ; Negros [L. C. 

 Layard). 



In winter plumage. 



Squataeola, Cuvier. 



160. Squataeola helvetica. 



Vanellus helveiicus, Briss. Orn. v. p. 106, no. 4, " Helvetia." 



Tringa subtridactyla, Hasselquist, Iter Palaestinmn, p. 397, no. 28 (1757); Raise nach Palastma (Gade- 



busch, German tr.), p. 307, no. 28 (1762). 

 Charadrius helveiicus, Linn. S. N. i. p. 250, no. 12 (1766), ex Brisson ; Walden & Layard, Ibis, 



1872, p. 105. 



Hab. Cujo, December [Meyer) ; Negros, March [L. C. Layard). 

 In winter plumage. 



