28 SomME GALLOWAY PRODUCTS. 
small breed of horses, from twelve to fourteen hands high, was 
formerly common, and held in high estimation in Galloway. 
There being little occasion to employ them in the draught, they 
travelled quickly and safely, in a rugged and mountainous 
country. The ancient breed is now almost lost. Horses of 
greater weight became necessary, as those every way fitted for 
predatory excursions ceased to be of peculiar value for the 
operose processes of agriculture. Their colour is generally a 
light bay or brown, with black legs; their heads were unusually 
small, and their whole form indicated a capability of enduring 
great fatigue. The horses now to be found in Galloway, with 
the exception of being rather smaller in size, differ little from 
those found throughout Scotland.’’ The Galloway nag would 
be classed correctly, no doubt, under “the northern, or dun, 
type, represented by the dun ponies of Norway (Equus caballus 
typicus), the closely allied Celtic pony (EZ. c. celticus) of Ice- 
land, the Hebrides, etc., and the wild pony of Mongolia (Z. c. 
przewalskiu), with which the now extinct tarpan of the Russian 
steppes appears to have been identical.’’ MacKerlie refers to 
the belief that the horses were introduced into Galloway from 
Scandinavia by the Northmen. 
My notes on Galloway sheep and cattle are briefer, but 
could no doubt be extended by a study of various agricultural 
surveys. According to a writer in The Statistical Account, “ the 
native sheep of Galloway was a small, handsome white-faced 
breed with very fine wool. . . . This breed has long ago 
disappeared.’’ Lithgow thought the wool “nothing inferiour 
to that in Biscai of Spaine; providing they had skill to fine, 
Spin, Weave, and labour it as they should. Nay, the Calabrian 
silke, had never a better luster, and softer gripe, then I have 
seene and touched this growing wooll there on Sheepes backes ; 
the Mutton whereof excelleth in sweetnesse.’’ The only breed 
that thrives on the mountains to-day is the Scottish blackfaced. 
Galloway cattle are hornless, and have rough, black, glossy 
coats. They resemble the Aberdeen-Angus breed. The 
shaggier coat is nature’s response to the wetter climate of the 
south-west as compared with the north-east. There is also a 
white-belted Galloway breed representing an ancient stock, The 
