308 



DR. H. GADOW ON THE INTESTINAL 



[May 21, 



The four smaller excentric circles contain the plagio-, peri-, anti-, 

 and isoccelous modifications of the orthoccelnus type. 



Consequently the Passeres are mesogyrous, with besides anticoe- 

 lous formation. All the Columbse are periccElous ; some, or rather 

 the majority, with a mesogyrous spiral. The names are placed in 

 such a way as to show that similarity or relationship which is indi- 

 cated by the intestinal arrangement. 



o in 



s s- 



n,0 



Bromaus 



Casiiariun , 



Ehea 



Strut kio , 



Apteryx 



Crypturi 



Rasores 



Turniees 



rt erodes 



Eallidse 



Limicolse \ 



Laridse j 



Columbse j 



Alcidse 



Spheniscidae 



Colymhus 

 Pygopodes 



Podiccps 

 Herodii 



Steganopodes 



3 



2(3) 



12+ 



4 

 6 



6+ 



Loops. 



II. III. IV 



r, 



r, o 

 r, 



ho 



l,c 



l,cl 

 l,cl 



l,cl 



I, o 

 I, o 



I, 



1,0 



1,0 

 1,0 



r, o 

 l,cl 

 I, el 

 r,el 



ral 

 r, cl 



ral 

 r, cl 



ral 

 r, cl 



r, cl 



r. cl 

 r, cl 



r. cl 



1,0 

 1,0 



I, cl 

 r, cl, 

 r,cl, 

 cl 







o 



cl 



cl 



l,cl 



I cl 



l,cl 



l,cl or I 

 l,cl 



l,cl 



Several transverse open 

 loops besides the duo- 

 denum. 



Besides the duodenum with 

 tn-Q sliort loops. 



Besides the duodenum with 

 one large, open loop, which 

 begins to form two secon 

 dary ones. 



Besides the duodenum the 

 mid-gut and the colon 

 form each one enormous 

 convolution of many folds. 



Second and third loop with 

 terminal twist ; both with 

 the last placed trans- 

 versely. 



Orthocoelous. 



Plagiocoelous. 



Plagiocoelous. 



Isocoelou.s. 



Pericoelous. 



Pericoelous. 



Mesoiyrous, cyclocoelous. 



Periccelous. 



Me.sogyrous. 



Pericoelous. 



Mesogyrous. 



Amphiccelous ; the last 

 3 lorips closed, straight, 

 and left-handed. 



Many orthoccelous, closed 

 loops ; some of them with 

 numerous irregular con- 

 volutions. 



All orthocoelous, closed 

 and alternating. 



Orthoccelous, alternating 

 closed lips ; duodenum 

 often turned far round to 

 the left. 



Orthocoelous, closed, alter- 

 nating. 



