1889.] 



Tubinares 



Pelargi 



Accipitres 



Cathartes 



Lamellirostres 



OpistkocmmiiS. . . 



Cueulidse 



Musophagida; 



Coliidffi 



TrogonidiB 



Bucerotidse . . 

 Upupidae 



Picidae 



Rhamphastidae 



Alcedinidse 



Coraciiformes 

 Striges 



Caprimulgidse 



Cypselida3 . 

 Trochilidffi . 

 Passeres . . . 



CONVOLUTIONS IN BIRDS 



Table (continued). 



309 



6 " s 

 ■5-9 g^ 

 a s o 



Loops. 



4 to 7 



3 

 4 



6 

 5 or 6 



o 

 3 

 o 

 4 



4 

 4 



II. 



l,cl 



Spi 

 >• or I 

 Spi 



I, cl 



Spi 



/, o 



1,0 



r, cl 

 r, cl 



I, cl 

 I, cl 

 Lcl 



l,cl 



l,cl 

 l,cl 



1,0 



l,cl 



I, cl 

 I, cl 

 Lcl 



III. 



r, cl 



ral 



/ 



ral 



cl 



ral 



r, o 



I, cl 

 l,cl 



I, cl 



lAo 

 l,cl 

 r, cl 

 r, cl 



r, cl 

 r, cl 



l,io 



I, ^0 

 1,0 



I, cl or 



i-o 



l,cl 



l,cl 



I, o 



IV. 



l,cl 



l,cl 

 I, cl 

 r, cl 



cl 



I, cl 



I, cl 

 I, cl 



I, 



I, 

 I, 



I, 

 1,0 



I, cl, 

 io 



Orthocoelous, closed, alter- 

 nating. ( PuffiiMis, Dio- 

 mcdea, Ossifraga.) 



Mesogj'rous ; last loop telo 

 gyrous. (Procellaria.) 



Ist, 2ud, 3rd often telo 

 gyrous ; closed. 



Ibis rubra ; or one of the 

 middle loops forms a long 

 left-handed spiral. (Pla- 

 talea, I'hmnicupterus.) 



Orthocoelous, the first three 

 often telogyrous ; often 

 with numerous Becondary 

 folds. 



Mesogyrous. All the Ac- 

 cipitres and Cathartes 

 with irregular kinks above 

 the i-ectum. 



2nd pericoelous. (Rest un 

 certain.) 



2nd plagiocoelous or peri- 

 ccelous ; the others ortho 

 cobIous, the last three 

 closed. 



Oi-thocoelous ; 3rd with 

 slight plagiocoelous indi 

 cation. 



Orthocoelous, apices of mid 

 die loops often turned up, 

 or the second plagio 

 coelous. 



Isocoelous. 



Isocoelous. 



Isocoelous. 



Anti-orthocoelous. 



Orthocoelous ; 2nd loop of 

 BucerotidiE not deve- 

 loped. 



Anti-orthocoelous. 



Oi-thocoelous ; 2nd loop of 

 Picidffi not developed. 



Isocoelous ; 2nd loop forms 

 a left-handed spiral. 



Isocoelous. 



Isocoelous with plagiocoelous 

 indications. 



Isocoelous. 



Isocoelous. 



Isocoelous, ortboccelous. 



Mesogyrous, anticoelous. 



Proc. Zool. Soc— 1889, No. XXI. 



21 



