82 STLVA CEITICA CANADENSIUM. 



Tlie extracts from my article are : 



"The sense in which this expansion (spectatus) was generally* niiderstood, 

 was, that the gladiator to whom the tessera was given was ' tried,' ' approved,' 

 and allowed to retire on the specified day of the month in the year indicated 

 by the specified consiils. In support of this interpretation the well-known 

 verses were cited : 



' Spectatum satis, et donatwmjam rude qumris 

 Mceanas, itemm antiquo me includere ludo.' 



Morcelli, De Stilo, i. p. 412, suggested, instead of spectatus, spectavit, + on the 

 authority of an inscription given by Tomasini and Fabretti, in which tliat word 

 appeared on a tessera, in extenso, scil. PILOMVSVS • PERELI • SPECTAVIT. 

 The sense in which he understood the word, was, ' was a spectator,' ' took his 

 seat amongst the citizens and looked on.' He believed that tliese tesserce were 

 given to gladiators who had received not only the rudis, but liberty, and that 

 they entitled those who had received them to sit amongst the citizens. The 

 inscriptions would thus be regarded as stating the date of the first occasion on 

 which such gladiators availed themselves of the privilege conferred by the pre- 

 sentation of the tesserce. Another expansion, spectaculum, has been proposed 

 by Gori, Inscrip. i. 74, but I am unable to conjecture in what sense + he iinder- 

 stood it. Morcelli, who notices this expansion, dismisses the reading with the 

 expressive phrase — quod miror. . . . We may now assume that the first 

 two syllables of the word are SPECTAT, on the authority of the following 

 inscription, on an unquestionably genuine tessera, published for the first time 

 by Mommsen, |1 p. 201 : 



* Tims Reinesius, Syntag. p. 3V2, remarks : " FtiXvius Ursinus putahat significari videri, 

 quo anno scu consulatu-, mense ae die gladiator spectatus, diu multumque in arte versatus, ricde sit 

 ac tessera eburnea donatws, qidhiis soliLtum se palcestrcB atque arence legihus atldetam ostenderet." 

 Amati, Giomale Arcad. 1826, explains spectatus thus : "Lepiociole taglie quadrilatere di avorto 

 or di osso erano visibili doeumenti di morte pe ressi gladiatori ad altri recata, e almeno di sangui- 

 nosa vittoria ottenuta con atterrar I'avversario." Tomasini, De tesseris, makes the astonishing 

 statement: " Erat aiitem nidis tessera quwdam eburnea, cui nomen gladiatoris cetate emeriti 

 inscribebatur quam qni accipiebat, is ab omni pugnandi necessitate eximebatur." It is scarcely 

 necessary to remark relative to this view, that there is no authority for the notion that the rudis 

 ■was a tessera. 



-f Ursatus, De Notts Eomanonim, remarks : " SP. Spectatus, Pignorixis, qui, De Servis, scribit 

 hanc notam quce doctos vivos hiicusque torsit, nihil aliud ' Significare, quam, spectavit, ut detur 

 intelUgere, conductos fuisse aliqxios, velnti ab editore, gladiatores insignes, rude olim donatos, 

 spectandi gratia, non pugnandi.' " Pitiscus, Lexicon, in tessera, Faeciolati, Lexicon, in Specto, 

 and Orelli, n, 2561, adopt the view of Morcelli. Henzen, n. 6162, seems to pre er spectatus. Zell, 

 Delectus, p. 60, reads spectandu^. 



t Muratori, Nov. Thes. p. dcxi. n. 2, explains SP. as meaning that the person named informed 

 the people that he had given or intended giving a spectaculum. 



II The account of this is so interesting that I give the words: " Sero reperi in libra ms. 

 Lanthelmi Bomieu Arelatensis scripto a. 1574, servatoque hodie Lugduni Bat. inter Voss Germ. 



Gall. Q. 1. Legitur ibi f. 88 sic ,• Ores ie commence icy a fere mention des Epitaphes d' Aries 



et en premier lieu ie veux reciter I'escrit memorable, qui se list clairement en une piece 



d'ivoire ou plustot de corne de cerf, que i'ay, qui a este nouvellement trouvee icy a la poincte 

 au bord du Rosne, la quelle est si menue et estroicte, qu'elle n' est pas plus longue, ne plus large, 

 ^ue la moytie du petit doigt de ma main, etant percee a I'un des bouts : ou est faite mention de 

 Ciceron, et de Caius Antonius." 



