ASIATIC TRIBES OF NORTH AMERICA. 173 



tion (Tinneh) proposed by Messrs. Ross and Gibbs, has been accepted 

 by most modern ethnologists. The northern Tinneh form their tribal 

 names by affixing to an adjective word or phrase, the word tinneh 

 meaning "people," in its modifications of tinneh, tina or tena, or in 

 one group the word hutchin, having the same meaning. The last are 

 known as the Kutchin tribes, but so far as our knowledge yet ex- 

 tends are not sufficiently differentiated from the others to require 

 special classification by themselves." Mr. Dall gives in the Appendix 

 to this report a vocabulary of the Yakutats about Mount St. Elias, 

 whom he classifies as Koljush or Thlinkeets, but whose language is 

 plainly Tinneh. They difier also from the Thlinkeets by the absence 

 of the lip-ornament and the totemic system, and by eating the blub- 

 ber and flesh of the whale, which the Thlinkeets regard as unclean. 

 The word "Tinneh" in its various forms dinnie, dene, dinay, toene, 

 tana, ttyannij, tine, tineze, tingi, tenghie, tinday, tinlay, &c., answers 

 to the lefini, ilenni, renoes, ililew, irirew, inini, eyinew of the Algon- 

 quin, and should be a guide more or less to the affiliation of the 

 people so designated. Such a form is not very rare, nor is it, on the 

 other hand, very common. Of similar forms in America, as among 

 the Nootkans, Algonquins and some non- Tinneh Mexican tribes, I 

 need not speak. The Celtic dyn, duine are nearer than any other 

 knQ,wn to me, and the Celtic languages in their non-Aryan features, 

 which are few and evidently ingrafted, belong to the Ural-Altaic 

 class. In Africa we find such forms as tna, tJcohn, among Bushmen 

 and Hottentots, with iden, dim, kc, in the Niger region. The 

 Hebrew adam appears not only in the Semitic area, but also among 

 non-Semitic Africans, in the Caucasus, and further east, as a monu- 

 ment, jjerhaps, of Mahomedan Semitic influence. In Polynesia 

 forms like tangata, tamata present some resemblance, but I am not 

 aware that those who employ these terms, any more than the people 

 above mentioned, designate themselves by any such name. It is 

 difierent with the Altaic family with which' I have associated the 

 Tinneh. The Tungusians call themselves Tungus, Donhi, and are 

 termed Tung-chu by their Chinese neighbours, the former being also 

 in several tribes the words for man. Inasmuch as the Mantchu 

 dynasty in China is Tungusian, there is eveiy reason to respect the 

 Chinese appellation. The Loucheux tenghie, and the Tenan-Kutchin 

 tingi, like the Beaver tineze, are our Tangusian tungus and donki. 

 Similarly the Tungus akee and the Mantchu cheche are the Umpqua 



