JOURNAI. AND PROCEEDINGS. 65 
VOLTS, AMPERES, OHMS, 
The volt, ampere and ohm are the first three measurements in 
electricity, and it is necessary for us to have a proper conception of 
them before we can hope to proceed intelligently. Voltage is pres- 
sure or push power, or velocity, and is not electricity, but the force 
which impels. Amperege is electricity or current, and is not to be 
confounded with voltage, for although each is a component part of 
electric energy and are interchangeable, they serve an entirely 
different purpose. Voltage is that which tends to move current 
over a conductor, while amperege is electricity, and is that which is 
moved. We often read in our dailies about a person losing his life 
by having ten thousand volts pass through his body. This is simply 
not intelligent, and means nothing, for in static work we often use 
two hundred and fifty thousand to one half a million volts ; what we 
would say is that the person was eloctrocuted by having three or ten 
amperes, as the case may be, driven through his body by ten or 
twenty thousand volts. 
The water in a river would represent the amperege, the swift+ 
ness with which it flows the voltage. We may have a very large 
river flowing slowly, or a small stream flowing swiftly, and just so 
we have electric currents of high amperege and low voltage, or of 
high voltage and low amperege. ‘The ohm is the unit of resistance, 
and resistance in the electrical sense does not differ in meaning than 
that used with the other forces, and simply means that which 
opposes the passage of electricity through a circuit. An ohm is the 
resistance offered by a piece of copper wire 250 feet long and 1/20” 
thick. Metals have different powers of resistance, Silver offers the 
least resistance, copper is next ; platinum has five times the resisting 
properties of copper. It requires 50,000 volts to send a spark of 
electricity through an inch of space. For convenience we may 
divide electricity into four divisions—1, Galvanism : 2, Farradism ; 
3; Franklinism ; 4, Roentgenism. ‘Though we have divisions do 
not think we have different kinds, but it is the ether so modified by 
mechanical apparatus that different results are obtained. 
GALVANISM. 
The galvanic current, sometimes called the direct dynamic or 
continuous current, is for Therapeutic purposes generally produced 
