JOURNAL AND PROCEEDINGS. 153 
whilst the opposite sides of the accumulated mass of “debris” 
slopes down gradually to the general surface level of the region 
around. And in a number of our deeper vales there is to be seen 
lying at the bottom long lines of big boulders, varying in form and 
mineral composition, that suggest the idea of having been spilled 
out of some mighty moving wagon (big as the wagon of “ Thor ”), 
whose hind board had suddenly given way. 
The occurrence of what are commonly termed erratic boulders 
is of common frequency in almost all parts of this Province. In 
gathering some of the less massive ones that are found on the sur- 
face in boggy depressions, a few have been noticed having an 
unmistakeable resemblance to a coarse-grained rock of square 
fracture, and with eddy marks (or impressions that resemble such), 
and rocks in sztu of this species are in immense abundance on the 
water edge of the Niagara river from Clifton to the Falls. The 
brink of the precipice not far below the Suspension Bridge is what 
is here meant as the rocky top of the river bank. ‘These travelled 
fragments, always here in Burford, about ro or 12 inches square, 
are found scattered among other boulders of distinctly different 
mineral composition and greater variety in form and size. The 
cube-like form and uniformity in size and unworn angles and eddy 
marks is what at once distinguishes the so-called Niagara river 
wanderers to ordinary non-geological land tillers. In the Muskoka 
district, very bulky boulder masses, some as big as a load of hay, 
are to be seen resting on ledges on the lofty hill sides, where a 
slight leverage would suffice to tumble them into the valley below, 
thus indicating that they had been brought to their present situation, 
imbedded in some matrix that has gently dissolved, for a slight 
impetus would have rendered their present perch-like stand an 
impossibility. 
Several years ago, when enjoying a stroll on the high rocky 
river bank, about a mile and a-half below the village of Elora, our 
attention was drawn to a curious scene, known locally as “‘ the hole 
in the rock,” where a tunnel-like opening just a few feet below the 
steep cliff edge had afforded an entrance to the river of the waters of 
a small rivulet that drained the surface of a large field on the south 
side of the river. Into this tunnel, which seemed to be 18 or 20 
feet long, and jagged in its sides and roof, the sewer-like opening 
being through the regular limestone formation of that region, a very 
