ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF ORE-DEPOSITS. 297 



to the right, it also intersects and heaves the E.W. lodes in the 

 Caradon and Gonamena mines. 



On Mr. Symons's map another cross-course is marked a little 

 to the east of the above, and two to the west, the latter passing 

 southwards through West Caradon mine. All three heave the 

 lodes they intersect, and all bear some 10 or 12® W. of N. The 

 junctions of these cross-courses with the great Phoenix cross- 

 course have not been seen. The middle cross-course which passes 

 through S. Caradon mine affords a fine example of successive 

 openings and partial fillings of a fissure. In the mine itself it 

 consists of three separate branches, running respectively N.S., 

 8° E. of N., and 18° to 24« W. of N. These branches separately 

 and similarly heave the lode, but passing southward they form 

 one vein of several distinct " combs," each of which similarly 

 heaves the lode. 



About 3 miles farther to the west is the N.S. (22° W. of N.) 

 lead lode of Bodithiel, and a mile or two farther is the lead lode 

 at Wheal Jane, a little to the east of Q-lynn Park. This latter in 

 its southern prolongation corresponds pretty accurately with the 

 iron lode which has been worked at Rye Downs, near Bodmin 

 Road Station. A little farther to the west is another lode 

 running almost exactly N.S., which has yielded copper, lead, and 

 silver, at Beacon Hill, near Lostwithiel. 



The next vein which appears to be of this age is the lode 

 of red hematite, which runs 18° W. of N. and dips E. 85°, and 

 has been worked at Wheal Treffry above St. Blazey, and traced 

 northward for several miles. For some considerable distance its 

 course is parallel with the beautiful LuxuUyan Valley. 



About 2 miles farther to the west is the first of a series of 

 red hematite veins, which may be traced almost from sea to sea, 

 across granite and slate alike, in many separate over-lapping veins 

 {en echelon), each of which has a direction a few degrees W. of N. 

 and dips a little W. Where the country rock is hard these veins 

 often become mere strings, but where it is moderately soft they 

 swell out to 3, 6, or even 12 feet wide, yielding considerable 

 quantities of very pure hematite, and in one instance the deeper 

 parts of the workings yield chalybite also. The most extensive 

 workings on this series of veins are those of the Ruby mine, 2 

 miles N. of St. Austell, where the vein has been followed to a 



