352 COBNUBIANA. 



exterior 2 feet 8 inches. There is a smaller circle about f of a 

 mile from Crowan Beacon. Its diameter is 23 feet 6 inches. Its 

 height in its highest part, 2 feet 9 inches It has a floor of 

 granite, apparently squared, and placed in position. 



Caves. 



At Carwinion Water we have a group of "workings" — I 

 purposely avoid giving a more definite name — of great interest. 

 A plateau ends in a steep descent facing a beautiful stream of 

 water. We have examined five of them. The entrance is very 

 difiicult, owing to the accumulation of debris, but when once 

 ingress is effected, the *' workings" open out, and become 

 sufficiently high to stand upright. They extend to a distance of 

 many yards subterraneously, and were said to communicate with 

 the plateau above, but of this communication we could find no 

 trace. Two of these " workings " have entrances contiguous to 

 one another. These "workings" have been labelled by the 

 ordnance survey as a " British village." 1, myself, am at 

 present undecided as to whether they really deserve such a title, 

 or whether they owe their existence to mining operations. 

 Against their being due to mining, it is to be urged that they 

 seem to be of the vaguest nature for that purpose. On the other 

 hand, they are very similar to an excavation at Praa-sands, 

 which I found to end in a mine shaft. Their situation, close to 

 a stream, and in a bank facing that stream, seems to point a 

 settlement by Troglodytse, but against this there are to be 

 placed the two undoubted facts that there are no traces of fire, 

 as must have been the case if there had been human inhabitants, 

 and that they were clearly worked by iron tools, which we cannot 

 say would be used by aboriginal Troglodytse. 



Cross. 



At Helegan, the ancestral home of the S. Aubyns, in S. 

 Crowan, I found the head of a cross being used as a stand for 

 flower-pots. It is somewhat irregularly round in shape, with a 

 fracture made probably from the shaft. There is a raised 

 outside rim about 5^ inches in diameter, and the dimensions of 

 the head are 2 feet by 1 foot 9^ in. Inside the outer circle 

 there is a disk 15 inches in diameter, on the rim of this disk 

 there impinges a somewhat shallow Greek cross. It is hoped 



