Association of American G'eologists and Naturalists. 149 
There is one situation at Goodwin’s Falls on Cayuga Lake, where 
the lower side of an extensive stratum was completely covered with 
these casts of grooves. On Seneca Lake shore, twenty miles distant, 
and at precisely the same elevation, was a similar stratum, and probably 
the same one as seen on Cayuga Lake, and marked in like manner. 
Mr. H. presented two specimens where these ridges were more than 
an inch in diameter. On the most elevated part of one of these, and 
for a foot or more in length, the surface is covered with small shells, 
while upon the surface on either side of the ridge, there were no shells. 
The inference was that the shells had drifted over the smoother bot- 
tom into the furrow and there remained till covered by the receding 
deposit to which they adhered. The direction of these ridges is always 
in right lines, and ina uniform direction. ‘There are sometimes two 
or more systems of these ridges, similar to the groovings upon the sur- 
faces of our present rocks. 
Prof. Rogers inquired if these were not always at the junction 
of softer strata with more arenaceous deposits. 
Mr. Hall answered that they were. 
Prof. Rogers advanced the opinion that the coarse argillaceous 
matter carried over the surface by currents produced this grooving. 
Mr. Hall replied that he had drawn the same inference regard- 
ing the smaller casts or lines, but had not satisfied himself of the 
origin of the larger ones. 
Some general remarks were here made upon ancient denuda- 
tion, during the deposition of the limestone of the Helderberg di- 
vision, or about the period of the deposition of the Oriskany sand- 
stone. 
The Association then took a recess. 
Afternoon session, 3 P. M.—The Chair proposed, from the 
standing committee, the names of the following gentlemen as 
members of the Association. Messrs. H. L. Kenprics, U.S. A., 
Francis E. Spryner, Herkimer, N. Y., Dr. Samver F'orry, 
U.S. A., Prof. Pearson and Prof. Foster of Union College, 
Schenectady, N. Y. These gentlemen were unanimously elected. 
Prof. Bailey read a paper on the crystals formed in the tissues 
of dicotyledonous plants. 
He stated, that in examining the ashes of many plants, great num- 
bers of polygonal bodies were found, which subsequent observation 
showed to result from crystals. These crystals can easily be found in 
situ in the layers of the libre of chestnut, locust, hickory, and many 
other trees. They also can be found in great quantities in even the 
