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towards the north, and are parallel with the cliffs on the opposite 
sides of the Channel. The Overfalls and Galloper Sands, continu- 
ations cf the same line, are also steep, having deep gullies in their 
intermediate spaces filled with boulders and muddy ground. 
4, A tusk, 78 inches long and 12 inches in circumference, but 
the part containing the alveolar cavity is wanting. Its curvature 
is equal to a semi-circle, turning out. It was trawled up at the 
back of the Goodwin Sands. Capt. Martin has also a fragment of a 
fossil tree from the same locality. 
5. In the early part of 1839, a nearly perfect femur of a mam- 
moth was obtained about midway between Yarmouth and the coast 
of Holland, in 25 or 26 fathoms, low-water. The length of this 
femur, from the ball of the socket-joint to the lower condyle, is 49 
inches ; the circumference of the ball, 24 inches; of the upper part 
of the shaft, 42 inches; of the centre, 18 inches; of the lower part 
above the condyle, 29 inches. 
6. Two molars of the mammoth brought up in the gear of the 
fishermen, in different parts of the English Channel, and likewise in 
Capt. Martin’s cabinet. 
Mr. Fairholm of Ramsgate has also in his possession a molar of 
a mammoth, found in King-street of that town, in red clay resting 
upon chalk. 
Independently of the remains of mammalia, the fishermen are 
occasionally impeded in their operations by large masses of various 
descriptions of rock. Some of these blocks are much worn and 
rounded; but the remainder never present that irregularity of form 
which might lead to the supposition, that they had composed part 
of shipwrecked cargoes, 
With respect to the distribution of the animal remains and the 
boulders, Capt. Martin states, that they are never found on the 
summits of the banks or shoals, but in deep hollows or marine 
valleys; and that they thus agree, in position, with analogous re- 
mains and masses of rock found upon dry land. 
An extract from a letter addressed to Dr. Buckland by Sir John 
Trevelyan, Bart., was then read. 
That gentleman possesses a very large molar of an elephant, 
found 38 years ago in the bed of the Severn near Watchet. He 
also states, that Roman pottery has been frequently dredged up 
during the last 50 years from the estuary of the Thames near 
Margate; that there is an island off Herne Bay, called Pot Island, 
on account of the quantity of earthenware found near it. A Roman 
vessel, laden with pottery, is supposed to have been wrecked in the 
neighbourhood of this spot. 
\ paper entitled, ‘‘ Description of five Fossil Trees found in the 
excavations for the Manchester and Bolton Railway,’ by John 
Hawkshaw, Esq., F.G.S., was next read. 
The largest of these trees was discovered about two years since, 
and the other four during the spring of the present year (1839), in 
