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remains of fish having been found there; and at Altyn, where he 
obtained scales of Holoptychus Nobilissimus, and abundance of 
Ichthyolites identical with those at Scot-craig near Elgin; also 
a section through the middle and inferior sandstones on the Burn 
of Lethen. Along this burn, from Earlsmill to Cald Hame, fine 
sections of sandstones, calciferous conglomerates, and marls similar 
to those of the Findhorn beds, are laid open, and the same organic 
remains are found in considerable numbers, with the addition of 
buckler-shaped bones allied to Cephalaspis. ‘These beds rest at 
Cald Hame on a deposit of thin-bedded red sandstones and hard 
conglomerates, which are succeeded by a considerable thickness of 
heematitic red schistose sandstone, resting apparently on the Clunes 
limestone, containing Ichthyolites. These slaty beds resemble the 
upper red sandstones of Cromarty and Ross. In a small quarry in 
the grounds of Lethen, thin seams of shale and clay dip under the 
red sandstones, and contain nodules resembling those of Gamrie, 
and bituminous layers and remains of the species of Cheiracanthus 
common at Clunes; also plants resembling Fuci. Beneath the 
shales are a few feet of soft white sandstone, succeeded by the great 
inferior conglomerate. 
The finest fish, often of a plum-blue colour, have been obtained 
from an excavation on the farm of Lethen-bar, in large nodules 
enclosed in a soft, reddish-brown schist, probably a prolongation 
of the shales. At Clunes, a mile to the eastward, similar remains 
occur in a stratum of clay and decomposed shale. The author 
has ascertamed, by careful comparisons, that the known species 
obtained at the above localities are the same as those found in 
Orkney, Caithness, Cromarty, and Gamrie, and belong to the 
genera Dipterus, Diplopterus, Cheiracanthus, Cheirolepis, Osteole- 
pis, Coccosteus, and another singular creature, which he proposes 
to describe hereafter. The plants above noticed, and fish scales, are 
also found near the hill of Rait in a ridge of red schistose sandstone. 
The fossils of the valley of the Nairn are then described. Frag- 
ments and casts of tuberculated scales and bones, resembling some 
of those of Lethen-bar, occur at Balfreish in a compact light-blue 
limestone, containing angularfragments of gneiss, porphyry, &c., and 
an overlying conglomerate. At the S.E. extremity of Culloden 
Moor, and opposite the Druidical temples of Clova, are beds of 
bituminous shale, and a black calcareous rock, similar to the Caith- 
ness pavement, some of which contain nodules, often very small, 
enclosing fish scales and vegetable impressions. The bituminous 
rock, Dr. Malcolmson is of opinion, is continuous with that at 
Inches, 4 miles to the west, and 2 south-west of Inverness, described 
by Prof. Sedgwick and Mr. Murchison, and shown by them to be a 
prolongation of the bituminous schists of Caithness and Strath- 
peffer. 
The banks of the Spey, the Burn of Tynat, and the strata at 
Buckie in Banffshire, have been discovered by Dr. Malcolmson and 
the Rev. G. Gordon, to contain the same remains. The localities 
mentioned are the beds of shale and red sandstone opposite Dipple, 
