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Gard), Lunel-Viel, Joyeuse, Ardeche, Fouvent, Fausan (Dép. de 
lV Herault), and in Kent’s Cavern. 
It is known that the Lions of the present day will attack every one 
of the animals, the remains of which are found in Kent’s Hole, 
and other caves; and if it should be urged that the most powerful 
lion could not carry off the bodies of the great pachyderms, Mr. 
Austen says, that an examination of a very large proportion of the 
remains taken from Kent’s Hole has proved that the bones and teeth 
of the Elephant belonged to young animals; and he quotes Dr. Buck- 
land’s statement, that the ten elephants’ teeth discovered in Kirkdale 
cave belonged to extremely young animals. (Rel. Dil. p. 18.) 
The conclusions, therefore, which Mr. Austen wishes to draw are, 
Ist, that the carcases were dragged into the bone caves by powerful 
feline animals ; and 2ndly, that hyenas picked and gnawed the bones 
after those animals had satisfied their hunger, and while they were 
absent. He also objects to the belief that some of the German caves 
are filled with the animal matter of countless generations of bears, 
as the decomposition of one carcase, he says, would have driven the 
living bears from the cave; but he believes the prevailing fossil re- 
mains in each locality indicate only what animals were most abun- 
dant in the district, and consequently most frequently fell a prey to 
the powerful Felide: thus in the low grounds about Yealmpton, 
Kent’s Hole or Kirkdale, herbivora may have been most abundant, 
and bears in the region of the Hartz. 
April 8th.—Richard Vaughan Barnewell, Esq., Queen’s Bench 
Walk, Temple, was elected a Fellow of this Society. 
A paper was first read, “ On the Great Fault, called the Horse, 
in the Forest of Dean Coal Field;” by John Buddle, Esq., F.G.S. 
The term fault is used in this paper in the miner's signification, 
or for any interruption in the regular deposition or range of a bed. 
The Horse Fault, therefore, is not a displacement of one part of the 
stratum by a dislocation, but a local thinning out of a bed of coal, 
and a substitution of sandstone for it. 
The Horse has been traced in the Coleford High Delf seam, the 
23rd in the descending series, or the 3rd from the bottom, and the 
only one in which it is clearly developed, for about two miles; and 
its known breadth varies from 170 to 340 yards. The only point 
at which it has been tunneled through in a transverse direction, is 
under Barn Hill enclosure, between Brixslade and Howler’s Slade 
valleys, and its width is there about 200 yards. The upper surface 
of the seam of coal, to a considerable distance on each side of the 
Horse, undulates considerably, producing depressions called “ lows,” 
and great varieties in the thickness of the bed; but the pavement 
composed of the ordinary argillaceous deposits, which accompany 
the seam throughout the basin, preserves nearly its ordinary regu- 
larity. 
The roof of the seam consists of the strong sandstone which 
usually reposes upon the Coleford High Delf, but a layer of black 
slaty substance is sometimes interposed between it and the coal. 
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