446 
sisted of eighteen and a half. This ratio of loss, he says, has ex- 
tended along the whole range of the cliff except at the extreme south 
end. During the five years that Capt. Alexander has personally 
watched the action of the sea upon this coast, the annual loss in 
breadth has been at least seven yards. 
About. 200 yards in rear of the lowest part of the cliff is a tract, 
consisting principally of marsh land, which is beneath the level of 
the sea, and extends in different directions to Bungay, Beccles and 
Halesworth, and was undoubtedly occupied, Capt. Alexander states, 
at no very remote period, by extensive rivers flowing into an estuary 
connected with the German Ocean. 
The letter was accompanied by a section constructed by Mr. R. 
Alexander, and which gives the following bearings of two churches 
at each end of the cliff :— 
- South ee —Southwold church, 22° 30' 8. of W.; Blyborough 
church, 7° 30’ N. of W. 
North End.—Roydon church, 14° 3! 45" N. of W.; caps 
ahavtehy 30° E.-of N. 
The bearing of the edge of the cliff, at the two extickalaesl 1s 
stated to be 43° 7! 30" E. of N. 
3. A paper entitled “ Description of Cuttings across the Ridge of 
Bromsgrove Lickey, on the line of the Birmingham and Gloucester 
Railway,’ by Hugh Edwin Strickland, Esq., F.G.S. 
When Mr. Siiuicland laid before the Society, in June 1840*, a 
description of a series of coloured sections on the Birmingham and 
Gloucester Railway, the cuttings on the Lickey not haying been 
completed, he was prevented from detailing the phenomena exhibited 
on this part of the line. The present communication is) therefore 
supplementary to the former memoir. 
Where the cutting crosses the ridge, it has been excavated to the 
depth of fifty-six feet, and exhibits, Mr. Strickland states, clear proofs 
of the disturbance which attended the elevation of the Lickey. The 
lowest rock which has been exposed is a mass of hard, grey, brown- 
ish or reddish, compact or coarse-grained sandstone, occupying a 
horizontal distance of about seventy yards, and rising gradually to 
the north-east to the height of twenty feet. At the point where it 
attains this visible thickness, it is suddenly cut off by a nearly ver- 
tical fault. The strata dip about 60° to the east-south-east, or from 
the trap composing the Upper Lickey. No organic remains having 
been noticed, it is dificult, Mr. Strickland states, to fix the precise 
geological position of the deposit ; but he is inclined to assign it, on 
mineral : characters, to the lower new red, sandstone of Mr. Mur- 
chisont. 5 
These highly inclined strata are arerlontl imeonfornialy. by a vast 
mantle-shaped mass of conglomerate, belonging to the ‘‘ upper new 
red” or Bunter sandstein. The bedding of this deposit is so irre- 
gular that great accuracy of dip is not attainable ; but to the east of 
* See ante, p. 113. + Silur. Syst., p. 54. 
p y 
