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slate and tale slate, the dip being to the west and south-west at a 
considerable angle. Above Rampore the rocks first consist of alter- 
nations of white quartz slate and clay slate, the strata being much 
disturbed ; and afterwards of tale slate associated with greenstone or 
hornblende rock, dipping north-east. Before reaching Seran, gneiss 
containing kyanite appears, and extends with occasionally interve- 
ning masses of granite to Nasher (lat. 31° 47’, long. 77° 46! E.). 
On the opposite side of the river at that place are precipices of 
slate traversed by white veins; but at the bridge, a large-grained 
white granite with tourmalines appears, and extends, in connexion 
with mica slate and gneiss intersected by granite veins, seven days’ 
journey to Akbah (lat. 31° 56’, long. 78° 8'E.). At this village 
granite also occurs, but separated from that rock by a narrow 
ravine is a low promontory of clay slate and dark flinty slate dip- 
ping to the north. Beyond Akhbah the Sutluj bends to the north, 
and on both sides of the river the outline of the rocks is considerably 
softened in consequence of their being evidently composed of perish- 
able clay slate similar to that at Mussoori; but in the more distant 
ranges, granite, mica slate and gneiss may be detected by the rugged 
outline and the great height of the rocks. This clay slate, Mr. 
Everest says, is not of later origin than the granite and crystalline 
schists, because it is penetrated by veins of granite which may be 
traced to the great masses of that formation. The dip of the slate 
on one side of the river is west, and on the opposite apparently east. 
Beyond Lipi, a few miles from Akbah, are precipices of clay slate, 
tale slate, and dark flinty slate interstratified with greenstone. 
After quitting Khanum the country becomes still more desolate, and 
the strata consist, first of earthy slate, m some places carbonaceous, 
in others brecciated, then of greyish green highly consolidated green- 
stone, and afterwards of masses of blackish and brownish grey com- 
pact limestone. The valley of the Namkulling, a small tributary of 
the Sutluj, presents a fine section of these strata, the upper part 
being composed of the limestone and the lower of the slate. The 
dip from Khanum is between west and south-west. From Seenum 
(lat. 32° 5', long. 78° 16' E.) Mr. Everest proceeded across the Hun- 
gung pass, 14,837 feet above the sea. The ground being covered with 
snow, little of the structure of the country was visible, but projecting 
strata of reddish brown compact limestone appeared on the crest of 
the hill. The view northward presented bare rocks as far as the eye 
could reach, but from the softness of the outlines, Mr. Everest infers, 
that the strata belong to secondary or tertiary deposits. Rugged 
ridges of primary rocks resembling dykes cross this dreary expanse. 
Beyond Hango (lat. 32° 12’, long. 38° 18’ E.) beds of reddish and 
greenish grey compact limestone alternate with earthy and car- 
bonaceous shale, the dip being to the north-west, and blocks of 
greyish quartzose sandstone are scattered over the surface. These 
appearances extend to the heights above Leo, where the earthy shales 
are traversed by veins and layers of granite, and at the point of 
contact are changed into mica slate. In the descent to the village, 
nearly 2000 feet, the granite veins gradually increase in number, pre- 
