711 
to undetstand by Dr. Rogers, who conducts the Virginia survey, 
that similar beds of stigmaria clay constantly occur below the coal- 
seams in that State. In an appendix, sectional lists are given of 
various localities. : 
2, Nova Scotia.—Mr. Logan’s examination of the coal-fields of 
this province was also made in the autumn of 1841, but subsequently 
to his visit to Pennsylvania. It was principally confined to, the 
neighbourhood of Pictou (lat. 45° 48’, long. 62° 48'), which stands 
upon a carboniferous trough, and beneath which one seam, with a 
southwardly dip, is known to occur. At the Albion mines, ten miles 
to the south of the town, there is a great collection of coal-beds, 
which dip to the north. The number is stated by Judge Halibur- 
ton* to be ten, and the aggregate thickness to be sixty feet. The 
only one at present worked contains twenty-four feet of clean coal, 
and about two hundred and forty tons of fuel are raised daily. _ Pro- 
ceeding eastward the dip of the. strata becomes more precipitous, 
and at New Glasgow, a distance of two miles, is a thick, highly 
inclined, very coarse quartzose conglomerate, considered by the 
miners to be a dyke, but by Mr. Logan to be a portion of the coal- 
measures. On Frazer’s Mountain, to the east of New Glasgow, are 
two workable seams, measuring together about eight feet, and rest- 
ing, with the interposition of a stigmaria bed, on a deposit con- 
sisting of non-fossiliferous limestone and sandstone. J udge Hali- 
burton has given a detailed section of upwards of 600 feet of the 
strata at the Albion mines; and Mr. Logan, in. an appendix, gives an 
elaborate list of beds, commencing 238 feet below Judge Halibur- 
ton’s section, and extending in a descending series through upwards 
of 2500 feet. He is of opinion, that the whole series is susceptible 
of being divided into the following groups :-— 
1. Red and drab-coloured sandstones alternating with 
red and grey shales; a few coal-seams occurring 
chiefly towards the bottom, associated with lime- 
stone, and resting on a thick coarse conglomerate. 
2. Soft dark-coloured shales, with a few beds of sandstone, 
and richly stored with workable seams of coal and 
PROURFODG clr cc gs ote ca a ue ® eacacs pide Dace cece 5000 feet. 
Be Meine AMMesLOUG. 6 smi. picys cs cere raj = ee ce et es 10 — 
4. Coal-measures, probably unproductive, consisting in 
the upper part of red sandstones and shales, and of 
carbonaceous shales resting on stigmaria fire-clays ; 
and in the lower, of red and grey sandstones, with 
a fewms DAMES Or SUI is hee oes cnet ce tiers eo oom 1900 — 
LUE RE Vay ot ee LS) BE PRENSA te 10 — 
All the above deposits contain carbonized vegetable remains, but 
in the beds next to be noticed they are rare. 
6. Soft variegated shales, alternating in the lower part 
With TeG Siaies coe ee ee BS etter 650 feet. 
Pe SAMOS tONE tie: fir. eve. sts owes eo oale SOG he. Bis 20. — 
* Statistical Account of Nova Scotia. 
