760 
such enormous relative displacements of the masses on opposite 
sides of them, as may be more probably referrible to the more in 
tense action of the elevatory forces which disturbed the older 
formations than to that which subsequently took up the mountain 
limestone. 
But, it may be urged, the directions of these great dislocations 
do not coincide with that of the actual strike of the older beds. The 
author shows that if this coincidence existed (as it ought according 
to theory).after the elevation of the older beds, but previously to 
that of the limestone, it could not possibly exist after the latter ele- 
vation in those parts in which the deviation from such coincidence 
is now recognised, viz. along the band of limestone interstratified 
with the older beds, and crossing the above faults in its course 
from the Dudden to Troutbeck. ‘To one: who has a distinct cons 
ception of the geometry of the subject, it will easily appear that the 
elevation which gave its present position to the beds of-mountain 
limestone, and (as the author: conceives) its dome-like configuration 
- to the district, would necessarily give to the. strike of the beds 
along the above line, a direction approximating more to east and 
west than the original strike, while it would have no effect on the 
direction of a vertical fault as determined by-its intersection with 
the surface. This accounts for the actual difference between the 
directions of the above faults and that of the strike. 
Upon the whole, the author considers -it probable that the four 
great parallel faults above mentioned are due to the elevation of 
the elder rocks, the fractures having been probably renewed by the 
‘elevation of the carboniferous series. The divergent faults he con- 
ceives to be unquestionably due to the movement which impressed 
upon the district its peculiar configuration, and the geological ele- 
vation to which that configuration is due, whatever be the epoch to 
which that movement may be referred. If this be the case, these 
faults are entirely in accordance with theory. 
It appears to the author that this movement commenced with 
the breaking up of the carboniferous series, and was continued, or 
rather perhaps resumed, after the deposition of the new red sand- 
stone. If the beds of these formations were. originally horizontal, 
as above contended, this conclusion must necessarily be true, as 
shown by the present inclination of these beds. Whether the lime- 
stone beds .were strictly sedimentary, or formed in the manner of 
coral reefs, the author contends equally for the original horizon- 
tality of the surfaces of stratification; and that such was the ori- 
ginal character of the beds of new red sandstone, no geologist, he 
conceives, can doubt for a moment. If this be allowed, the above 
concliision respecting the epoch of elevation appears as incontyo- 
vertible as the nature of geological evidence will admit of. 
Series of Geological Lvents.—After the elevation of the older rocks, | 
including the old red sandstone, the whole district must have been 
under. the surface of the sea, and subjected to the powerful action 
of denuding causes, by which the upturned edges of the disturbed 
