Dr. Lindley^s Natural System of Botany. 299 



i. Polypetala ; those with the floral envelopes consisting of both 

 calyx and corolla, the latter composed of distinct petals. 



2. Monopetalce ; those with the petals combined in a monopeta- 

 lous corolla. 



3. Incomplete; those always destitute of a corolla, the calyx 

 also often incomplete or absent. 



Thus far this mode of subdivision is nearly the same with that of 

 Jussieu ; Dr. Lindley, however, neglecting altogether the characters 

 afforded by the insertion of the stamens, divides the polypetalous 

 orders into seven, and the monopetalae and incompletse each into five 

 sections, or groups. As a specimen of this plan, we copy the names 

 of the groups of the first subclass, with their synoptical characters. 



1. AlbuminoscB. Embryo very considerably shorter and smaller 

 than the albumen. 



2. EpigynoscB. Ovary inferior, usually having an epigynous disk. 



3. Parietosce. Placentation parietal. 



4. Calycosce. Calyx incompletely whorled ; two of the sepals 

 being exterior. 



5. Syncarposce. None of the characters of the other groups, and 

 with the carpels compactly united. 



6. QynohaseoscB. Carpels not exceeding five, diverging at the 

 base, arranged in a single row around an elevated axis or gynobase. 

 Stamens usualy separate from the calyx. 



7. Apocarposce. None of the characters of the other groups, but 

 with the carpels distinct, or separable by their faces, or solitary. 



Next, every group is divided into smaller groups, each of which 

 includes one, two, or several orders'i These minor groups are called 

 Alliances, and are distinguished by the termination ales. Thus, 

 under the Albuminose group, we have 



Alliance 1. Ranales, comprising the Ranunculacese, Papavera- 

 cea3, (with its suborder, as Lindley, following Bernhardi, considers it, 

 Fumarieag,) Nymphaeacese, (to which Hydropeltideae is improperly 

 joined,) and Nelurabiaceae ; 



Alliance 2. Anonales, which comprehends the Nutmeg tribe, the 

 Anonacese, Magnoliaceae, &;c. ; 



Alliance 3. Umbellales, including the Umbelliferous tribe, with 

 the nearly allied Araliaceas ; 



Alliance 4. Grossales, consisting chiefly of the Grossulacese or 

 Currant tribe ; and lastly 



