Photo by Shirley C. Hulse 
REMOVING THE EGGS EROM A RIPE EEMAEE (SEE PAGES 503, 506, AND 507) 
proportion of the fish that orig-inally pro- 
ceeded therefrom. 
On the other hand, there is no reason 
to doubt tliat the salmon spawned in con- 
tiguous coastal streams or in particular 
tributaries of a large river return indif- 
ferently to any of those streams or tribu- 
taries, depending on conditions (storms 
at sea. floods, temperature of coastal or 
river water, enemies, etc.), which vary 
■from season to season. 
GOVERNMENT AND STATE EEEORTS TO 
'^ INCREASE THE SALMON SUPPLY 
The artificial propagation of salmon in 
the streams of the Pacific seaboard be- 
gan at a comparatively early date and 
has continued with yearly increasing ex- 
tent and importance, so that at the pres- 
ent time more hatcheries are devoted to 
the Pacific salmons than to any other 
fishes of the Western Hemisphere. The 
vast interests at stake have appeared to 
warrant and to require all the money that 
could properly be expended by the Fed- 
eral and State governments for salmon 
culture. 
It was believed at the outset that de- 
pendence would have to be placed on 
artificial propagation to offset the tre- 
mendous drains made on the supply by 
man and other destructive agencies, and 
it was generally maintained at a very 
early period in the history of the salmon 
industry that with adequate cultivation 
the fisheries could increase almost indefi- 
nitely. 
The first salmon hatchery in the West 
was established in 1872, on the McCloud 
River, in California. By executive order 
there was set aside a large tract for a 
"piscicultural preserve," which was fit- 
tingly named Baird, after the first na- 
tional commissioner of fisheries; and 
Livingston Stone, a pioneer fish cultur- 
ist, who is still alive, was placed in charge 
and continued in that capacity for many 
years, overcoming many obstacles, under- 
502 
