154 Synopsis of a Meteorological Journal. 
overlooked it, and have attempted to prove a principle directly op- 
posed to it. 
That caloric radiates through water, at least as it comes in the so- 
lar beam, is proved by the higher temperature of the shallow water 
along the borders of ponds in the clear and still days of summer. 
The warmth of the sandy bottom shows the absorption of the caloric 
as it has passed through the water in its course of radiation. 
Arr. XIV.— Synopsis of a Meteorological Journal, kept in the city 
of New York during the years 1833 and 1834; by W. C. Rup- 
FIELD ; reported to the Regents of the University of the State 
of New York, January 22nd, 1835. 
Tue annual report of the Meteorological observations which are 
made at the several Academies in the State of New York, under the 
direction of the Regents of the University, is justly valued as com- 
prising the most extensive system of cotemporaneous observations 
that has yet been placed within the reach of scientific enquirers. A 
desire to add in some degree, to the mass of information contained 
in this document, has induced the communication to the honorable 
Regents of the observations and remarks which follow. 
The meteorological journal from which the observations are com- 
piled has been kept in the city of New York, from which place, re- 
turns do not appear to have been usually made to the Regents. Be- 
sides the usual notices of temperature and winds, care has been ta- 
ken to observe with particularity and precision, the direction of the 
more elevated currents of the atmosphere, as indicated by the move- 
ments of the clouds, with a view to ascertain the connexion, if any, 
which exists between the movement of the surface-winds, and the 
higher currents. It was also desired to afford to some extent, by 
these observations, the means of ascertaining the consecutive char- 
acter, in a geographical view, of those atmospheric changes which 
are so constantly experienced, and of which, apparently, so little is 
understood. ‘These observations have accordingly been made at 
frequent periods, commencing with the hour of 6 A. M., and ending 
with 10 P.M. With the same objects in view, the state of the ba- 
rometer, so interesting in its connexion with the vicissitudes of weath- 
er, has been duly noted at the same periods. 
