78 THE HAMILTON ASSOCIATION. 
PALZ ONTOLOGY, LAKE SHORE, WINONA. 
Nearly five or six weeks the writer was engaged in collect- 
ing Cambro-Silurian and Niagara, etc., fossils, at Winona. 
Park and Grimsby during the past summer. Although failing 
to obtain a particular specimen not in possession of the Dominion 
Geological survey office for Professor Whiteaves, a large number 
of other fossils rewarded research, including several not men- 
tioned by the late Dr. H. A. Nicholson in his report on the 
‘‘Paleontology of Ontario.”’ Perhaps the best preserved ones 
occur in a reddish-brown flag, more readily opened under the 
hammer than other layers along the lake shore there. I never 
noticed this bed in sz¢z, in Ontario or Anticosti; it is exceed- 
ingly fossiliferous, containing several shells which are common 
to the Trenton and Hudson River (Bala) beds as pointed out 
already. Here we have the usefulness of the term ‘‘ Cambro- 
Silurian,” of the English Geologist. ‘‘ Drift fossils,” without 
explanation, would be highly objectionable, for they may be of 
any age. 
A considerable amount of the rock material along the lake 
shore has been derived from the ‘‘#7ze Clay.” The scratched 
and polished surface proves glacial markings precisely like some 
dozen slabs extracted from its base above the lake level. In _ 
some cases, when they yield to the hammer, (they seldom do so): 
you may find organic remains. Only the hardest and toughest 
portion of the rock-imbedded, could have resisted the glacial 
grinding in ‘‘the ice age.” This may account for the difficulty 
one experiences in extracting fossils from the material on the 
lake shore at Winona. Although many specimens were obtained, 
only a few are new species, probably. As we do not possess the 
earlier works of the late Dr. Jas. Hall, and other United States 
paleontologists, for the necessary comparison (in the absence 
of the fossils themselves which they describe) there is much 
difficulty in determining them. 
Some fine slabs, very fossiliferous, were collected for the 
Public Schools and private individuals who take some interest 
in organic remains, and since my return to the city some 
